Math Problem Statement

Suppose you are a researcher in a hospital. You are experimenting with a new tranquilizer. You collect data from a random sample of 9 patients. The period of effectiveness of the tranquilizer for each patient (in hours) is as follows: [2.2, 2.3, 3.0, 2.7, 2.5, 2.9, 2.2, 3.0, 2.6]. Calculate the point estimate for the population mean length of time, choose the correct distribution, construct a 95% confidence interval, and interpret the meaning of '95% confidence'.

Solution

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textThe image contains a problem related to statistical methods, specifically dealing with confidence intervals and point estimates. Here's the extracted content and the analysis of the questions:

Problem Breakdown:

  • Scenario: A researcher in a hospital collects data on the period of effectiveness of a new tranquilizer for 9 patients.
  • Point Estimate: The problem asks for a point estimate of the population mean length of time, with an answer of 2.4889.

Questions:

  1. Which distribution should you use for this problem?

    • The options are:
      • t-distribution
      • normal distribution
      • The sample size must be greater than 30
      • The population mean must be known
      • The population must be approximately normal
      • The population standard deviation must be known
    • Answer: t-distribution is the correct choice because the sample size is small (n=9) and we likely don't know the population standard deviation.
  2. Construct a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for the population mean length of time.

    • Answer: The CI is given as (2.45, 2.98).
  3. What does it mean to be "95% confident”?

    • The choices are:
      • The confidence interval contains 95% of all samples
      • There is a 95% chance that the confidence interval contains the population mean
      • 95% of all simple random samples of size 9 from this population will result in confidence intervals that contain the population mean
    • Answer: The correct interpretation is "95% of all simple random samples of size 9 from this population will result in confidence intervals that contain the population mean."

Would you like further clarification or any additional help on these topics? Let me know if you want to dive deeper into confidence intervals or hypothesis testing!


Here are a few related questions that can expand on this topic:

  1. How do you calculate a confidence interval when the sample size is small and the population standard deviation is unknown?
  2. What are the assumptions behind using the t-distribution?
  3. What is the difference between a confidence interval and a prediction interval?
  4. How does the margin of error influence the width of the confidence interval?
  5. How would the confidence interval change if the sample size was increased?

Tip: Always check if the population is approximately normal before using the t-distribution for small samples. If it's not, non-parametric methods might be more appropriate.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Point Estimation
Confidence Interval
t-Distribution
Statistical Sampling

Formulas

Point Estimate of Mean: \( \bar{x} = \frac{\sum x_i}{n} \)
Confidence Interval: \( \bar{x} \pm t^* \cdot \frac{s}{\sqrt{n}} \)

Theorems

Central Limit Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Statistics or Advanced High School