Math Problem Statement

If F(x) = ∫₄ˣ² √t dt for all real numbers x > 0, then F'(x) = ?

Solution

To solve the problem, we need to compute F(x)F'(x), where F(x)=4x2tdtF(x) = \int_{4}^{x^2} \sqrt{t} \, dt.

Steps:

  1. Recall the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus and Chain Rule:
    ddxa(x)b(x)f(t)dt=f(b(x))b(x)f(a(x))a(x)\frac{d}{dx} \int_{a(x)}^{b(x)} f(t) \, dt = f(b(x)) b'(x) - f(a(x)) a'(x)

  2. Identify a(x)a(x) and b(x)b(x):
    Here, a(x)=4a(x) = 4 (a constant), and b(x)=x2b(x) = x^2. The function f(t)=tf(t) = \sqrt{t}.

  3. Apply the formula:
    Since a(x)=4a(x) = 4 is constant, a(x)=0a'(x) = 0, so only the upper limit contributes: F(x)=f(b(x))b(x)F'(x) = f(b(x)) \cdot b'(x)

  4. Substitute b(x)=x2b(x) = x^2 and b(x)=2xb'(x) = 2x: F(x)=b(x)b(x)F'(x) = \sqrt{b(x)} \cdot b'(x) F(x)=x22xF'(x) = \sqrt{x^2} \cdot 2x

  5. Simplify:
    Since x2=x\sqrt{x^2} = x (for x>0x > 0), the derivative becomes: F(x)=x2x=2x2F'(x) = x \cdot 2x = 2x^2

Final Answer:

The derivative F(x)=2x2F'(x) = 2x^2, which corresponds to option (D).


Would you like additional clarification or a detailed explanation?

Here are 5 follow-up questions for practice:

  1. What happens if the lower limit is a function instead of a constant?
  2. How does the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus apply when both limits are functions?
  3. What if the integral contains another term dependent on xx inside?
  4. Can you compute F(x)F'(x) if F(x)=xx2tdtF(x) = \int_{x}^{x^2} \sqrt{t} \, dt?
  5. What happens if the upper limit is a fractional power of xx?

Tip: Always pay attention to whether the limits of integration are constants or functions of xx—this determines how the derivative is computed.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
Chain Rule

Formulas

Derivative of definite integral with variable bounds: d/dx ∫ₐˣ f(t) dt = f(x) * x'(x)
Chain Rule: d/dx [f(g(x))] = f'(g(x)) * g'(x)

Theorems

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate or Advanced High School (Grades 11-12)