Here’s how you can enter the data into Excel and calculate the average and standard deviation for comparison:

Step 1: Enter the Data into Excel

1. Open Excel and create a new spreadsheet.
2. Label your columns as follows:

3. Enter your values row by row.

Step 2: Calculate Averages

In the cells below your dataset, use the AVERAGE function to find the mean for each category:

• In the column below your "Closed Stomata (Control)" data, type:

  =AVERAGE(B2:B13)  
  

• Do the same for Open Stomata (Control), Proportion Open (Control), Closed Stomata (Experimental), Open Stomata (Experimental), and Proportion Open (Experimental) by adjusting the column letter.

Step 3: Calculate Standard Deviation

Below the averages, use the STDEV.S function (sample standard deviation):

• For Closed Stomata (Control):

  =STDEV.S(B2:B13)
  

• Repeat for the other columns.

Step 4: Compare Groups with a Graph (Optional)

1. Select the Average and Standard Deviation data.
2. Click Insert > Recommended Charts and choose a bar graph or scatter plot to compare control vs. experimental conditions.

Step 5: Interpretation

• Compare the average proportion of open stomata between the groups.
• Higher standard deviation means greater variation in data.

Would you like help with formatting or making a chart?

Here are some related questions:

1. How can I format the table for better readability?
2. What type of graph best compares this data?
3. How do I add error bars using standard deviation?
4. How do I highlight differences between control and experimental groups?
5. Can I use Excel to run a statistical test (e.g., t-test) to compare the groups?

💡 Tip: Use conditional formatting in Excel to highlight values that differ significantly between control and experimental groups!