Math Problem Statement

What is the coefficient of x^9 in (2 - x)^19?

Solution

The question is asking for the coefficient of x9x^9 in the expansion of (2x)19(2 - x)^{19}.

To find the coefficient of x9x^9 in this expansion, we can use the Binomial Theorem, which states:

(a+b)n=k=0n(nk)ankbk(a + b)^n = \sum_{k=0}^{n} \binom{n}{k} a^{n-k} b^k

In this case:

  • a=2a = 2
  • b=xb = -x
  • n=19n = 19

We are looking for the term containing x9x^9, so we need the term where k=9k = 9.

The general term in the expansion is: (19k)(2)19k(x)k\binom{19}{k} \cdot (2)^{19-k} \cdot (-x)^k

Substituting k=9k = 9: (199)(2)199(x)9\binom{19}{9} \cdot (2)^{19-9} \cdot (-x)^9

Simplifying this expression:

  1. (199)\binom{19}{9} gives the binomial coefficient for k=9k = 9.
  2. (2)10(2)^{10} represents the power of 2.
  3. (x)9(-x)^9 includes (1)9=1(-1)^9 = -1 and x9x^9.

So, the coefficient of x9x^9 is: (199)210-\binom{19}{9} \cdot 2^{10}

Calculating:

  1. (199)=92378\binom{19}{9} = 92378
  2. 210=10242^{10} = 1024

Thus, the coefficient of x9x^9 is: 923781024=94633984-92378 \cdot 1024 = -94633984

Final Answer:

The coefficient of x9x^9 in the expansion of (2x)19(2 - x)^{19} is 94633984-94633984.

Would you like further details, or do you have any questions?

Here are five related questions to expand your understanding:

  1. How would the coefficient change if the power were different, say (2x)20(2 - x)^{20}?
  2. What is the significance of the negative sign in this coefficient?
  3. How does the Binomial Theorem apply to more complex expressions, such as (3x+y)10(3x + y)^{10}?
  4. Can we generalize this method for any exponent and any specific power of xx?
  5. How would the answer differ if we were finding the coefficient of x10x^{10} instead?

Tip: Remember that the sign of each term in a binomial expansion alternates based on the powers of negative terms in the expression.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Binomial Expansion
Algebra

Formulas

(a + b)^n = ∑ (n choose k) * a^(n-k) * b^k

Theorems

Binomial Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12