I see that you've uploaded an image containing mathematical content. Let me analyze the image and extract the mathematical details so I can help you solve or explain the problems in it.

I'll get started now.It seems the text extraction from the image wasn't successful. Let me try an alternate approach to ensure we get the mathematical content correctly.

I'll attempt to reprocess the image and extract more data.The text extraction from the image seems to have been unsuccessful again, possibly due to the image quality or content formatting. Could you provide a clearer image or perhaps type out the specific part you'd like help with?

In the meantime, feel free to ask any related math questions directly.