Let's solve each part step-by-step.

Part 1

To estimate the probability of getting a green pea, divide the number of green peas by the total number of peas (both green and yellow).

Given:

• Green peas = 394
• Yellow peas = 28

The total number of peas is: $394 + 28 = 422$

The probability of getting a green pea, $P(\text{green})$, is: $P(\text{green}) = \frac{394}{422} \approx 0.934$

So, the estimated probability of getting a green pea is approximately 0.934.

Part 2

To determine if this probability is reasonably close to three-fourths $\left(\frac{3}{4} = 0.75\right)$, compare the calculated probability to 0.75.

Since 0.934 is higher than 0.75 but not excessively far, we can say:

• A. Yes, it is reasonably close.

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Next Question: Identifying Probabilities

A probability must be between 0 and 1, inclusive. Let's evaluate each option:

• A. -0.45 – Not a probability (negative values aren’t allowed).
• B. $\frac{7}{4}$ – Not a probability (greater than 1).
• C. 2.201 – Not a probability (greater than 1).
• D. 1 – Valid probability (maximum possible probability).
• E. 50–50 – Not a probability (this notation is ambiguous; it could mean a 50% probability, but it doesn’t explicitly indicate a probability as a decimal or fraction).
• F. $\frac{4}{7}$ – Valid probability (between 0 and 1).
• G. 4:1 – Not a probability (this is a ratio, not in the form of a probability).
• H. 0.541 – Valid probability (between 0 and 1).
• I. 0 – Valid probability (minimum possible probability).
• J. 425% – Not a probability (greater than 100%).
• K. 11:7 – Not a probability (this is a ratio, not in the form of a probability).

The valid probabilities are:

• D. 1
• F. $\frac{4}{7}$
• H. 0.541
• I. 0

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Would you like more details on any part?

Follow-up Questions

1. How are ratios different from probabilities?
2. How do you interpret probabilities expressed as percentages?
3. Why must probabilities be between 0 and 1?
4. Can probabilities be negative, and why not?
5. How can probabilities help in predicting genetic outcomes in experiments?

Tip: Probabilities are often easier to interpret as decimals between 0 and 1, where 0 means impossible, 1 means certain, and values in between show the likelihood.