The height of the water column (T=20 ºC) in the open tank is 4.5 m. Calculate the pressure acting on the bottom of the tank.

To calculate the pressure acting on the bottom of the tank, we can use the hydrostatic pressure formula, which accounts for the weight of the water column.

The hydrostatic pressure \( P \) at the bottom of a column of fluid is given by the equation:

\[
P = \rho \cdot g \cdot h
\]

Where:
- \( P \) is the pressure at the bottom (in Pascals, Pa).
- \( \rho \) is the density of the water (in kg/m³). At 20°C, the density of water is approximately \( 998 \, \text{kg/m}^3 \).
- \( g \) is the acceleration due to gravity (\( 9.81 \, \text{m/s}^2 \)).
- \( h \) is the height of the water column (4.5 m).

Now, plug the values into the formula:

\[
P = 998 \, \text{kg/m}^3 \cdot 9.81 \, \text{m/s}^2 \cdot 4.5 \, \text{m}
\]

Let me calculate that for you.The pressure acting on the bottom of the tank due to the 4.5-meter water column is approximately \( 44,057 \, \text{Pa} \) (Pascals).

Would you like more details on this calculation or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions to explore further:
1. How would the pressure change if the water temperature varied?
2. What happens to the pressure if the height of the water column increases?
3. How would the pressure differ if a different liquid was used instead of water?
4. What is the difference between gauge pressure and absolute pressure at the tank's bottom?
5. How does water density vary with temperature and how does it affect pressure?

**Tip:** Always make sure to convert all measurements to consistent units (like SI units) before calculating pressure.

Learn how to calculate the pressure at the bottom of a tank with a 4.5-meter water column at 20 ºC. This problem covers hydrostatic pressure concepts and fluid mechanics, with detailed step-by-step calculations. Suitable for high school students in Grades 10-12.

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