Math Problem Statement

An interior designer is hanging a circular clock for a client, as shown. The hanger at point B connects to the clock by two wires that are tangent to the clock at points A and C.

A circle is shown with center at point E. There is a line segment connecting points B, D, E, and F. Segments DE and EF are radii of the circle. Segment DF is a diameter of the circle. Segment AB and BC are tangent to the circle at points A and C.

If the radius of the clock is 15 cm and the distance from the top of the clock at point D to the hanger at point B is 10 cm, what is the length from point A to point B?

Solution

To find the length from point A to point B, we can follow these steps:

  1. Identify the key elements and understand the geometric relationships:

    • The radius of the clock is r=15r = 15 cm.
    • The distance from the top of the clock (point D) to the hanger (point B) is 10 cm.
    • Segments AB and BC are tangent to the circle at points A and C respectively.
  2. Visualize the Geometry:

    • Since DE and EF are radii of the circle, both are 15 cm.
    • DF is the diameter, so DF=2r=30DF = 2r = 30 cm.
    • Point D is directly above point E, and point B is vertically above point E by 10 cm.
  3. Locate Point E:

    • The center of the clock is point E, and DE = EF = 15 cm.
  4. Set up the coordinates:

    • Place point E at the origin (0,0) of a coordinate plane.
    • Therefore, point D is at (0, 15) because it is directly above E by one radius length.
    • Point B is directly above E by 10 cm, so point B is at (0, 25).
  5. Identify the tangents:

    • Points A and C are the points of tangency.
    • The tangents from a common external point (B) to a circle are equal in length.
  6. Right triangle consideration:

    • Right triangle formed by A, B, and E (A tangent from B and A is a right angle).
    • Let AB=xAB = x and BE=15BE = 15.
  7. Use the Pythagorean Theorem: AB2+BE2=BD2AB^2 + BE^2 = BD^2 Where BD=10BD = 10 cm.

  8. Solve for AB: AB2+152=252AB^2 + 15^2 = 25^2 AB2+225=625AB^2 + 225 = 625 AB2=400AB^2 = 400 AB=400=20 cmAB = \sqrt{400} = 20 \text{ cm}

Thus, the length from point A to point B is 20 cm\boxed{20 \text{ cm}}.

Do you want more details or have any questions?

Here are some related questions you might find interesting:

  1. How do you determine the length from point C to point B?
  2. What is the total length of the wire from A to C passing through B?
  3. How do you find the angle between the tangents AB and BC?
  4. How can you determine the distance from point E to the tangent points A and C?
  5. What would happen if the radius of the clock was different?
  6. How do you determine the coordinates of points A and C?
  7. How does the vertical distance from point D to B affect the tangent lengths?
  8. How do you calculate the lengths if the tangents intersect at a different point than B?

Tip: When dealing with tangent lines to a circle, remember that tangents from a common external point to the circle are always equal in length.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Geometry
Circle Geometry
Tangents

Formulas

Pythagorean Theorem

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12