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To calculate the federal income tax owed on a $30,000 salary, using the steps provided, we can proceed as follows:

### Step 1: Calculate Taxable Income
1. **Subtract the standard deduction** from the salary.
   - **Salary** = $30,000
   - **Standard Deduction** = $12,200

   \[
   \text{Taxable Income} = 30,000 - 12,200 = 17,800
   \]

So, the **Taxable Income** is **$17,800**.

### Step 2: Apply the Tax Rates
We need to use the progressive tax rates on this taxable income.

1. The first **$9,700** is taxed at **10%**.
   \[
   9,700 \times 0.10 = 970
   \]

2. The remaining amount, **$17,800 - 9,700 = 8,100**, falls in the next bracket, which is taxed at **12%**.
   \[
   8,100 \times 0.12 = 972
   \]

### Step 3: Calculate Total Tax Owed
Add the tax amounts from each bracket:
\[
970 + 972 = 1,942
\]

Therefore, the **total federal income tax owed** is **$1,942**.

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Would you like further details or have any questions?

Here are some related questions to explore:

1. What if the salary was higher, say $50,000? How would the tax calculation change?
2. How does the standard deduction affect taxable income in progressive tax systems?
3. What are other deductions or credits that could lower taxable income?
4. What would be the tax owed if the standard deduction increased?
5. How does the marginal tax rate work in a progressive tax system?

**Tip:** When calculating taxes, always ensure to apply each tax rate to only the portion of income within that specific bracket.

Calculate the federal income tax owed on a $30,000 salary, using a standard deduction of $12,200 and progressive tax rates.

Learn how to calculate the federal income tax owed on a $30,000 salary using a standard deduction of $12,200. This step-by-step guide covers progressive tax calculations for each income bracket, using rates of 10% and 12% for specific portions of taxable income. Suitable for Grades 9-12 students.

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