Math Problem Statement

A car travels on a bearing of 35° for 25 miles, then turns 90° to the right and travels for a further 35 miles before stopping.

Calculate the distance of the car from its starting point. Give your answer in miles, to 2 decimal places. and Calculate the bearing from the start point of the journey to the end point. Give your answer to the nearest degree.

Solution

We will solve this problem by applying basic trigonometry and vector calculations. Here's the breakdown:

Part 1: Distance from the starting point

The car follows two movements:

  1. First leg: 25 miles at a bearing of 35°.
  2. Second leg: Turns 90° to the right and travels 35 miles.

We will treat this as a triangle and use the law of cosines to find the final distance from the starting point.

Step 1: Resolve the first leg into components

We can break the first leg into two components (north-south and east-west):

  • North-South: 25×cos(35)25 \times \cos(35^\circ)
  • East-West: 25×sin(35)25 \times \sin(35^\circ)

Step 2: Second leg

Since the car turns 90° to the right, the second leg is perpendicular to the first. This creates a right angle at the turn. The second leg is entirely horizontal (east-west), adding to the east-west displacement:

  • North-South displacement: 25×cos(35)25 \times \cos(35^\circ) (unchanged)
  • East-West displacement: 25×sin(35)+3525 \times \sin(35^\circ) + 35

Step 3: Final distance using the Pythagorean theorem

We now calculate the total displacement using the Pythagorean theorem: Total distance=(25×cos(35))2+(25×sin(35)+35)2\text{Total distance} = \sqrt{ \left( 25 \times \cos(35^\circ) \right)^2 + \left( 25 \times \sin(35^\circ) + 35 \right)^2 }

Let's calculate that.The total distance of the car from its starting point is approximately 53.42 miles.

Part 2: Bearing from the start point to the end point

To calculate the bearing from the starting point to the end point, we use the formula for the bearing angle: Bearing=arctan(East-West displacementNorth-South displacement)\text{Bearing} = \arctan\left(\frac{\text{East-West displacement}}{\text{North-South displacement}}\right) This will give us the angle relative to the north-south line, which we will adjust based on the quadrant.

Let's calculate the bearing now.The bearing from the starting point to the end point is approximately 67°.

Summary:

  • The distance of the car from the starting point is 53.42 miles.
  • The bearing from the starting point to the end point is 67° (to the nearest degree).

Do you need further details or clarifications on the process?

Here are 5 related questions you might find helpful:

  1. How would the result change if the second leg was longer or shorter?
  2. How does the law of cosines apply when solving non-right triangles in general?
  3. What if the bearing turned 45° instead of 90°? How would the calculation change?
  4. Could this problem be solved graphically using a coordinate system?
  5. How does the sine rule help in solving similar navigation problems?

Tip: Always double-check the units of your angles when switching between degrees and radians in trigonometry calculations.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Trigonometry
Vector Calculations
Bearing

Formulas

North-South displacement = distance × cos(angle)
East-West displacement = distance × sin(angle)
Total distance = √( (North-South displacement)^2 + (East-West displacement)^2 )
Bearing = arctan(East-West displacement / North-South displacement)

Theorems

Pythagorean Theorem
Law of Cosines (implicit in triangle solutions)

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12