Math Problem Statement

Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide at 20.0°C and 0.956 atm produced from the complete combustion of 7.50 kg of methane.

Solution

To determine the volume of CO2\text{CO}_2 produced, we need to follow these steps:

  1. Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of methane:

    CH4+2O2CO2+2H2O\text{CH}_4 + 2\text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O}

    This equation tells us that 1 mole of methane (CH4\text{CH}_4) produces 1 mole of carbon dioxide (CO2\text{CO}_2).

  2. Calculate the moles of methane (CH4\text{CH}_4) given the mass:

    The molar mass of methane (CH4\text{CH}_4) is: 12.01g/mol+(4×1.008g/mol)=16.04g/mol12.01 \, \text{g/mol} + (4 \times 1.008 \, \text{g/mol}) = 16.04 \, \text{g/mol}

    Convert 7.50 kg of methane to grams and then to moles: 7.50kg=7500g7.50 \, \text{kg} = 7500 \, \text{g} Moles of CH4=7500g16.04g/mol467.67mol\text{Moles of } \text{CH}_4 = \frac{7500 \, \text{g}}{16.04 \, \text{g/mol}} \approx 467.67 \, \text{mol}

  3. Determine the moles of CO2\text{CO}_2 produced:

    From the balanced equation, 1 mole of CH4\text{CH}_4 produces 1 mole of CO2\text{CO}_2. Therefore: Moles of CO2=467.67mol\text{Moles of } \text{CO}_2 = 467.67 \, \text{mol}

  4. Use the Ideal Gas Law to find the volume of CO2\text{CO}_2 at the specified conditions:

    The Ideal Gas Law is: PV=nRTPV = nRT where:

    • P=0.956atmP = 0.956 \, \text{atm}
    • n=467.67moln = 467.67 \, \text{mol}
    • R=0.0821Latm/(molK)R = 0.0821 \, \text{L} \cdot \text{atm} / (\text{mol} \cdot \text{K})
    • T=20.0C=293.15KT = 20.0^\circ \text{C} = 293.15 \, \text{K}

    Rearrange to solve for VV: V=nRTPV = \frac{nRT}{P}

    Substitute the values: V=(467.67mol)×(0.0821Latm/molK)×293.15K0.956atmV = \frac{(467.67 \, \text{mol}) \times (0.0821 \, \text{L} \cdot \text{atm} / \text{mol} \cdot \text{K}) \times 293.15 \, \text{K}}{0.956 \, \text{atm}}

    Calculating this gives: V11,323.6LV \approx 11,323.6 \, \text{L}

Answer: The volume of carbon dioxide produced is approximately 11,323.6 liters.

Would you like further details or clarification on any part of this solution?


Related Questions:

  1. How would the volume change if the temperature were increased to 50°C?
  2. How would this calculation differ at a pressure of 1.5 atm?
  3. What is the volume of water vapor produced under the same conditions?
  4. How does the Ideal Gas Law account for non-ideal gas behavior?
  5. How would the volume change if we started with 10 kg of methane?

Tip: Always check that the temperature in gas law calculations is converted to Kelvin.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Stoichiometry
Ideal Gas Law
Unit Conversion

Formulas

Balanced chemical equation: CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O
Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT
Molar mass calculation for CH4: M = 16.04 g/mol

Theorems

Ideal Gas Law

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12