Math Problem Statement

Solve statics

Determine the reactions force; draw the shear force and bending moment diagram of a beam behind at an interval of 1m. The beam has a hinge joint at 4m from the left support, pin support at the left support, and roller support at the other two supports.

Solution

To solve this beam statics problem, we need to find the reaction forces at the supports (HA, RA, RC, RB) and then proceed to draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams.

Step 1: Reaction Forces Calculation

The beam has three supports:

  • A: Pin support (RA, HA), which provides both horizontal and vertical reactions.
  • C: Hinge support (RC), providing a vertical reaction.
  • B: Roller support (RB), providing a vertical reaction.

The beam is subjected to:

  1. A uniform distributed load (UDL) of 80 kN/m over 3 m between A and E.
  2. Point loads at E (100 kN), F (400 kN), and G (350 kN).
  3. Another UDL of 100 kN/m over 3 m between G and B.

Start by summing the moments about one support (A, for instance):

The moment equation about point A eliminates RA and HA, and allows us to find the other reaction forces. The total load consists of:

  • UDL (80 kN/m over 3m): 80×3=240kN80 \times 3 = 240 \, \text{kN}, located 1.5 m from A.
  • Point load at E: 100 kN, located 4 m from A.
  • Point load at F: 400 kN, located 5 m from A.
  • Point load at G: 350 kN, located 7 m from A.
  • UDL (100 kN/m over 3m): 100×3=300kN100 \times 3 = 300 \, \text{kN}, located 9 m from A.

Moment equation about point A:

MA=0=(240×1.5)(100×4)(400×5)(350×7)(300×9.5)+(RC×7)+(RB×10)\sum M_A = 0 = - (240 \times 1.5) - (100 \times 4) - (400 \times 5) - (350 \times 7) - (300 \times 9.5) + (RC \times 7) + (RB \times 10)

Simplify the moment equation and solve for the reactions at RC and RB. After that, use equilibrium equations (Fy=0\sum F_y = 0, Fx=0\sum F_x = 0) to find RA and HA.

Step 2: Shear Force Diagram (SFD)

Once the reactions are determined, use these to plot the shear force diagram:

  • Start from the left (point A), and for each section, calculate the shear force considering the loads (both UDL and point loads) and reactions.
  • At any section, shear force will either decrease linearly (for UDL) or drop suddenly (for point loads).

Step 3: Bending Moment Diagram (BMD)

To construct the bending moment diagram:

  • The bending moment is the integral of the shear force diagram.
  • Start at MA=0M_A = 0 (pin support), and proceed along the beam, calculating the bending moments at key points (where loads or reactions are applied).
  • At the hinge (C), the moment is zero.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Statics
Shear Force
Bending Moment
Equilibrium

Formulas

Sum of Forces in Y-direction: ΣFy = 0
Sum of Moments: ΣM = 0
Shear Force Formula for UDL: V = V_initial - UDL * distance
Bending Moment Formula: M = M_initial + V * distance - (UDL * distance²)/2

Theorems

Equilibrium of Forces
Equilibrium of Moments
Method of Sections

Suitable Grade Level

University Level - Civil/Structural Engineering