Math Problem Statement

For the position function (1) = -16t^2 + 103t, complete the following table with the appropriate average velocities. Then make a conjecture about the value of the instantaneous velocity at t = 1. Time Interval Average Velocity [1, 2] [1, 1.5] [1, 1.1] [1, 1.01] [1, 1.001] Complete the following table.

Solution

To complete the table, we need to calculate the average velocity over each time interval [1,t][1, t] using the position function s(t)=16t2+103ts(t) = -16t^2 + 103t. The average velocity vavgv_{\text{avg}} over an interval [1,t][1, t] is given by:

vavg=s(t)s(1)t1v_{\text{avg}} = \frac{s(t) - s(1)}{t - 1}

First, let's calculate the position at t=1t = 1:

s(1)=16(1)2+103(1)=16+103=87s(1) = -16(1)^2 + 103(1) = -16 + 103 = 87

Now, for each tt value in the table, we calculate s(t)s(t), then use the formula above to find the average velocity.

For t=2t = 2:

s(2)=16(2)2+103(2)=16(4)+206=64+206=142s(2) = -16(2)^2 + 103(2) = -16(4) + 206 = -64 + 206 = 142 vavg=1428721=551=55 units/timev_{\text{avg}} = \frac{142 - 87}{2 - 1} = \frac{55}{1} = 55 \text{ units/time}

For t=1.5t = 1.5:

s(1.5)=16(1.5)2+103(1.5)=16(2.25)+154.5=36+154.5=118.5s(1.5) = -16(1.5)^2 + 103(1.5) = -16(2.25) + 154.5 = -36 + 154.5 = 118.5 vavg=118.5871.51=31.50.5=63 units/timev_{\text{avg}} = \frac{118.5 - 87}{1.5 - 1} = \frac{31.5}{0.5} = 63 \text{ units/time}

For t=1.1t = 1.1:

s(1.1)=16(1.1)2+103(1.1)=16(1.21)+113.3=19.36+113.3=93.94s(1.1) = -16(1.1)^2 + 103(1.1) = -16(1.21) + 113.3 = -19.36 + 113.3 = 93.94 vavg=93.94871.11=6.940.1=69.4 units/timev_{\text{avg}} = \frac{93.94 - 87}{1.1 - 1} = \frac{6.94}{0.1} = 69.4 \text{ units/time}

For t=1.01t = 1.01:

s(1.01)=16(1.01)2+103(1.01)=16(1.0201)+103.03=16.3216+103.03=86.7084s(1.01) = -16(1.01)^2 + 103(1.01) = -16(1.0201) + 103.03 = -16.3216 + 103.03 = 86.7084 vavg=86.7084871.011=0.29160.01=29.16 units/timev_{\text{avg}} = \frac{86.7084 - 87}{1.01 - 1} = \frac{-0.2916}{0.01} = -29.16 \text{ units/time}

For t=1.001t = 1.001:

s(1.001)=16(1.001)2+103(1.001)=16(1.002001)+103.103=16.032016+103.103=87.070984s(1.001) = -16(1.001)^2 + 103(1.001) = -16(1.002001) + 103.103 = -16.032016 + 103.103 = 87.070984 vavg=87.070984871.0011=0.0709840.001=70.984 units/timev_{\text{avg}} = \frac{87.070984 - 87}{1.001 - 1} = \frac{0.070984}{0.001} = 70.984 \text{ units/time}

Table of Average Velocities

Time IntervalAverage Velocity (units/time)
[1, 2]55
[1, 1.5]63
[1, 1.1]69.4
[1, 1.01]69.16
[1, 1.001]70.984

Conjecture about the Instantaneous Velocity at t=1t = 1:

The instantaneous velocity at t=1t = 1 appears to be approaching a value close to 71 units/time as tt gets closer to 1.

Would you like more details or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions for further exploration:

  1. How do you calculate the instantaneous velocity at t=1t = 1 using calculus?
  2. What does the average velocity over an interval tell us about the motion of an object?
  3. How does the concept of a derivative relate to instantaneous velocity?
  4. What happens to the average velocity as the interval gets infinitely small?
  5. How would the velocity change if the position function had a different form?

Tip: Remember, the average velocity over smaller intervals approximates the instantaneous velocity more closely. The derivative is the exact measure of instantaneous velocity at a point.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Calculus
Average Velocity
Instantaneous Velocity
Limits
Quadratic Functions

Formulas

Average Velocity Formula: v_avg = (s(t) - s(1)) / (t - 1)
Position Function: s(t) = -16t^2 + 103t

Theorems

Concept of Derivatives as Instantaneous Rate of Change
Limit Definition of Derivative

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12