Math Problem Statement

A function is defined by f(x) = 2 arccos(x) - 1. (a) Write down the maximum domain and range of this function. (b) Find the exact value of f(-0.5). (c) Find the inverse function f^{-1}(x).

Solution

The function given is f(x)=2arccos(x)1f(x) = 2 \arccos(x) - 1.

Let's break down each part of the problem:

(a) Domain and Range

  • The domain of arccos(x)\arccos(x) is x[1,1]x \in [-1, 1] because the inverse cosine function only takes values in this range.
  • The range of arccos(x)\arccos(x) is [0,π][0, \pi], since arccos(x)\arccos(x) outputs angles between 0 and π\pi.
  • The function f(x)=2arccos(x)1f(x) = 2\arccos(x) - 1 will multiply the range of arccos(x)\arccos(x) by 2 and subtract 1.

So, the range of f(x)f(x) is: [ f(x) = 2[0, \pi] - 1 = [-1, 2\pi - 1] ] Thus:

  • Domain: x[1,1]x \in [-1, 1]
  • Range: f(x)[1,2π1]f(x) \in [-1, 2\pi - 1]

(b) Exact value of f(0.5)f(-0.5)

We need to compute f(0.5)f(-0.5).

f(x)=2arccos(x)1f(x) = 2 \arccos(x) - 1 Substitute x=0.5x = -0.5:

f(0.5)=2arccos(0.5)1f(-0.5) = 2 \arccos(-0.5) - 1 The value of arccos(0.5)\arccos(-0.5) is 2π3\frac{2\pi}{3} (in radians):

f(0.5)=2×2π31=4π31f(-0.5) = 2 \times \frac{2\pi}{3} - 1 = \frac{4\pi}{3} - 1

This is the exact value of f(0.5)f(-0.5).

(c) Inverse function f1(x)f^{-1}(x)

To find the inverse function, start with f(x)=2arccos(x)1f(x) = 2 \arccos(x) - 1 and solve for xx.

y=2arccos(x)1y = 2 \arccos(x) - 1 Add 1 to both sides: y+1=2arccos(x)y + 1 = 2 \arccos(x) Divide by 2: y+12=arccos(x)\frac{y + 1}{2} = \arccos(x) Now apply the cosine to both sides: x=cos(y+12)x = \cos\left(\frac{y + 1}{2}\right) Thus, the inverse function is: f1(x)=cos(x+12)f^{-1}(x) = \cos\left(\frac{x + 1}{2}\right)


Would you like more details on any of these steps?

Here are 5 related questions to explore further:

  1. What are the properties of the arccosine function?
  2. How would the domain and range change if f(x)f(x) were 3arccos(x)23 \arccos(x) - 2?
  3. What is the derivative of f(x)=2arccos(x)1f(x) = 2 \arccos(x) - 1?
  4. How does the value of f1(x)f^{-1}(x) change for different inputs?
  5. Can you compute the value of f(x)f(x) for another input, such as f(0.7)f(0.7)?

Tip: When working with inverse trigonometric functions, always keep track of their restricted domains and ranges to avoid calculation errors!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Trigonometric Functions
Inverse Functions
Domain and Range
Arccosine

Formulas

f(x) = 2 arccos(x) - 1
f^{-1}(x) = cos((x + 1)/2)
arccos(x) range: [0, π]
arccos(x) domain: [-1, 1]

Theorems

Properties of Arccosine Function

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12