Math Problem Statement

Given the exponential equation f(x) = 3^x and the logarithmic function g(x) = log_3(x), fill in the tables below for each function and analyze their attributes. Also, graph f(x), g(x), and the line y = x.

Solution

Let's break the problem into parts and solve step by step. The problem involves filling out tables and analyzing the exponential function f(x)=3xf(x) = 3^x and the logarithmic function g(x)=log3xg(x) = \log_3 x.


Step 1: Fill in the table for f(x)=3xf(x) = 3^x

Using the exponential formula f(x)=3xf(x) = 3^x, calculate f(x)f(x) for each value of xx:

  • x=2x = -2: f(x)=32=132=19f(x) = 3^{-2} = \frac{1}{3^2} = \frac{1}{9}
  • x=1x = -1: f(x)=31=13f(x) = 3^{-1} = \frac{1}{3}
  • x=0x = 0: f(x)=30=1f(x) = 3^0 = 1
  • x=1x = 1: f(x)=31=3f(x) = 3^1 = 3
  • x=2x = 2: f(x)=32=9f(x) = 3^2 = 9

So, the f(x)f(x) table is:

xxf(x)=3xf(x) = 3^x
-219\frac{1}{9}
-113\frac{1}{3}
01
13
29

Step 2: Fill in the table for g(x)=log3xg(x) = \log_3 x

Using the logarithmic formula g(x)=log3xg(x) = \log_3 x, calculate g(x)g(x) for each value of xx. Recall that log3x\log_3 x is the power to which 33 must be raised to get xx:

  • x=19x = \frac{1}{9}: g(x)=log319=2g(x) = \log_3 \frac{1}{9} = -2
  • x=13x = \frac{1}{3}: g(x)=log313=1g(x) = \log_3 \frac{1}{3} = -1
  • x=1x = 1: g(x)=log31=0g(x) = \log_3 1 = 0
  • x=3x = 3: g(x)=log33=1g(x) = \log_3 3 = 1
  • x=9x = 9: g(x)=log39=2g(x) = \log_3 9 = 2

So, the g(x)g(x) table is:

xxg(x)=log3xg(x) = \log_3 x
19\frac{1}{9}-2
13\frac{1}{3}-1
10
31
92

Step 3: Fill in attributes of f(x)f(x) and g(x)g(x)

For f(x)=3xf(x) = 3^x:

  1. Domain: (,)(-\infty, \infty) (all real numbers)
  2. Range: (0,)(0, \infty) (positive real numbers)
  3. x-intercept: None (never crosses the x-axis)
  4. y-intercept: (0,1)(0, 1)
  5. Asymptote: Horizontal asymptote at y=0y = 0

For g(x)=log3xg(x) = \log_3 x:

  1. Domain: (0,)(0, \infty) (positive real numbers)
  2. Range: (,)(-\infty, \infty) (all real numbers)
  3. x-intercept: (1,0)(1, 0)
  4. y-intercept: None (never crosses the y-axis)
  5. Asymptote: Vertical asymptote at x=0x = 0

Step 4: Plot the Graph

The graph includes:

  1. The exponential function f(x)=3xf(x) = 3^x
  2. The logarithmic function g(x)=log3xg(x) = \log_3 x
  3. The line y=xy = x (as a reference line showing the inverse relationship).

If you'd like, I can draw the graph and display it for better understanding.


Would you like the graph or need more clarifications?

5 Related Questions:

  1. What is the relationship between f(x)f(x) and g(x)g(x)?
  2. Why does g(x)=log3xg(x) = \log_3 x have a vertical asymptote at x=0x = 0?
  3. Can g(x)=log3xg(x) = \log_3 x be defined for negative xx?
  4. How does the base of the exponential function affect the graph of g(x)g(x)?
  5. What happens to the graphs if the base changes from 3 to 2?

Tip: Always remember that exponential and logarithmic functions are inverses of each other!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Exponential Functions
Logarithmic Functions
Inverse Functions
Asymptotes

Formulas

Exponential function: f(x) = a^x
Logarithmic function: g(x) = log_a(x)
Inverse property: f(g(x)) = x and g(f(x)) = x

Theorems

Properties of logarithms
Inverse relationship between exponentials and logarithms
Domain and range of functions

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12