Math Problem Statement

Which of the four objects shown has a net zero force acting on it?

Solution

To solve this problem, we will evaluate the net force acting on each object by analyzing the force vectors in the diagrams:

Observations:

  1. Diagram (i): Two forces of equal magnitude FF act in opposite directions (horizontal line). The net force is zero since they cancel each other out.

    • Net Force=FF=0\text{Net Force} = F - F = 0.
  2. Diagram (ii): Two forces of equal magnitude FF act at an angle of 135° to each other. Their vector sum does not cancel out, resulting in a net force. (Requires vector addition for precise calculation, but it’s non-zero.)

  3. Diagram (iii): Two forces of equal magnitude FF act at 90° to each other. The resultant force is not zero, as the magnitude can be calculated using Pythagoras:

    • Net Force=F2+F2=2F|\text{Net Force}| = \sqrt{F^2 + F^2} = \sqrt{2}F.
  4. Diagram (iv): One force FF acts to the left, and another force 2F2F acts to the right. The net force is non-zero, pointing to the right:

    • Net Force=2FF=F\text{Net Force} = 2F - F = F.

Answer:

The object with a net zero force acting on it is Diagram (i).

Let me know if you want further clarification or help with vector calculations.


Related Questions:

  1. How do you calculate the net force when forces act at different angles?
  2. What is the resultant vector magnitude for Diagram (ii)?
  3. Why is the net force in Diagram (iii) proportional to 2F\sqrt{2}F?
  4. How does increasing the angle between vectors affect the net force?
  5. Can we achieve zero net force with three vectors of different magnitudes?

Tip:

To calculate the net force in non-parallel cases, use vector addition by breaking forces into components along the x and y axes.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Vector addition
Force equilibrium
Pythagorean theorem

Formulas

Resultant force: F_net = sqrt(F_x^2 + F_y^2)
Force equilibrium: F_net = 0

Theorems

Vector addition theorem
Equilibrium condition for forces

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12