Math Problem Statement

Consider the curve given by the equation \( \frac{x}{y^3} + 2y^3 = 1 \). Find the equation of the tangent in the point \((-1,1)\).

Solution

To find the equation of the tangent line to the curve given by xy3+2y3=1\frac{x}{y^3} + 2y^3 = 1 at the point (1,1)(-1,1), we need to follow these steps:

  1. Implicit Differentiation: Differentiate the given equation implicitly with respect to xx.

  2. Solve for dydx\frac{dy}{dx}: Isolate dydx\frac{dy}{dx} to find the slope of the tangent line.

  3. Equation of the Tangent Line: Use the point-slope form of the line equation to write the tangent line's equation.

Step-by-Step Solution:

  1. Implicit Differentiation: Given the curve: xy3+2y3=1\frac{x}{y^3} + 2y^3 = 1 Differentiate both sides with respect to xx: ddx(xy3)+ddx(2y3)=ddx(1)\frac{d}{dx} \left( \frac{x}{y^3} \right) + \frac{d}{dx} (2y^3) = \frac{d}{dx} (1)

    Applying the quotient rule to xy3\frac{x}{y^3}: ddx(xy3)=y3ddx(x)xddx(y3)(y3)2\frac{d}{dx} \left( \frac{x}{y^3} \right) = \frac{y^3 \cdot \frac{d}{dx}(x) - x \cdot \frac{d}{dx}(y^3)}{(y^3)^2} =y31x3y2dydxy6= \frac{y^3 \cdot 1 - x \cdot 3y^2 \frac{dy}{dx}}{y^6} =y33xy2dydxy6= \frac{y^3 - 3xy^2 \frac{dy}{dx}}{y^6} =1y33xy4dydx= \frac{1}{y^3} - \frac{3x}{y^4} \frac{dy}{dx}

    Differentiating 2y32y^3: ddx(2y3)=23y2dydx=6y2dydx\frac{d}{dx} (2y^3) = 2 \cdot 3y^2 \frac{dy}{dx} = 6y^2 \frac{dy}{dx}

    So, the differentiated equation is: 1y33xy4dydx+6y2dydx=0\frac{1}{y^3} - \frac{3x}{y^4} \frac{dy}{dx} + 6y^2 \frac{dy}{dx} = 0

  2. Solve for dydx\frac{dy}{dx}: Combine terms involving dydx\frac{dy}{dx}: 1y3+(6y23xy4)dydx=0\frac{1}{y^3} + \left(6y^2 - \frac{3x}{y^4}\right) \frac{dy}{dx} = 0 (6y23xy4)dydx=1y3\left(6y^2 - \frac{3x}{y^4}\right) \frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{1}{y^3} dydx=1y36y23xy4\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{\frac{1}{y^3}}{6y^2 - \frac{3x}{y^4}} Simplify the denominator: dydx=1y3y46y63x\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{1}{y^3} \cdot \frac{y^4}{6y^6 - 3x} =y6y63x= -\frac{y}{6y^6 - 3x}

    Substitute y=1y = 1 and x=1x = -1 into the derivative: dydx(1,1)=16(1)63(1)\left.\frac{dy}{dx}\right|_{(-1, 1)} = -\frac{1}{6(1)^6 - 3(-1)} =16+3=19= -\frac{1}{6 + 3} = -\frac{1}{9}

  3. Equation of the Tangent Line: The slope of the tangent line at (1,1)(-1, 1) is 19-\frac{1}{9}. Using the point-slope form yy1=m(xx1)y - y_1 = m(x - x_1): y1=19(x+1)y - 1 = -\frac{1}{9}(x + 1) y1=19x19y - 1 = -\frac{1}{9}x - \frac{1}{9} y=19x+89y = -\frac{1}{9}x + \frac{8}{9}

So, the equation of the tangent line at the point (1,1)(-1, 1) is: y=19x+89y = -\frac{1}{9}x + \frac{8}{9}

Would you like more details or have any questions?

Related Questions:

  1. How do you apply implicit differentiation to more complex functions involving trigonometric terms?
  2. What is the geometric interpretation of the derivative at a point on a curve?
  3. How can you find the normal line to a curve at a given point?
  4. What are the steps to verify if a point lies on a given curve?
  5. How do you compute higher-order derivatives for implicitly defined functions?

Tip:

When using implicit differentiation, always remember to treat yy as a function of xx and apply the chain rule accordingly.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Implicit Differentiation
Tangent Line
Quotient Rule
Point-Slope Form

Formulas

Quotient rule for differentiation: \( \frac{d}{dx} \left( \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} \right) = \frac{g(x)f'(x) - f(x)g'(x)}{[g(x)]^2} \)
Implicit differentiation
Point-slope form of a line: \( y - y_1 = m(x - x_1) \)

Theorems

Implicit Differentiation
Quotient Rule

Suitable Grade Level

University Level Calculus