Math Problem Statement

Consider the curve given by x=2 cos⁡(t), y=3 sin⁡(t)cos⁡(t)x=2 cos(t), y=3 sin(t)cos(t), from t=0t=0 to t=2πt=2π.

Question 1.1 

Q1.1

1 Point

Grading comment:

Which of the following is a correct equation of the line that is tangent to the curve at (x,y)=(0,0)(x,y)=(0,0)?

(Hint: first, find out for what value(s) of tt the curve passess through (0,0)(0,0))

Solution

To find the equation of the tangent line at the point (x,y)=(0,0)(x, y) = (0, 0), we need to do the following steps:

Step 1: Determine the value of tt where (x,y)=(0,0)(x, y) = (0, 0)

The parametric equations for the curve are:

  • x(t)=2cos(t)x(t) = 2 \cos(t)
  • y(t)=3sin(t)cos(t)y(t) = 3 \sin(t) \cos(t)

We want to find tt such that both x(t)=0x(t) = 0 and y(t)=0y(t) = 0.

  1. Set x(t)=0x(t) = 0: 2cos(t)=0cos(t)=02 \cos(t) = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad \cos(t) = 0 The solutions to cos(t)=0\cos(t) = 0 are: t=π2,3π2t = \frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{3\pi}{2} These are the possible values of tt where x=0x = 0.

  2. Now, check y(t)=0y(t) = 0 for these values of tt: y(t)=3sin(t)cos(t)=0y(t) = 3 \sin(t) \cos(t) = 0 This simplifies to sin(t)cos(t)=0\sin(t) \cos(t) = 0, which gives sin(t)=0\sin(t) = 0 or cos(t)=0\cos(t) = 0.

    • For t=π2t = \frac{\pi}{2} or t=3π2t = \frac{3\pi}{2}, cos(t)=0\cos(t) = 0, and we already know that cos(t)=0\cos(t) = 0 for these values.

So, t=π2t = \frac{\pi}{2} and t=3π2t = \frac{3\pi}{2} are both valid solutions where the curve passes through the origin (0,0)(0, 0).

Step 2: Find the tangent line at t=π2t = \frac{\pi}{2}

Now, we compute the slope of the tangent line at these points. The slope of the tangent line is given by the derivative of y(t)y(t) with respect to x(t)x(t). This is: dydx=dydtdxdt\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\frac{dy}{dt}}{\frac{dx}{dt}}

  1. Compute dxdt\frac{dx}{dt}: x(t)=2cos(t)dxdt=2sin(t)x(t) = 2 \cos(t) \quad \Rightarrow \quad \frac{dx}{dt} = -2 \sin(t)

  2. Compute dydt\frac{dy}{dt}: y(t)=3sin(t)cos(t)dydt=3(cos2(t)sin2(t))y(t) = 3 \sin(t) \cos(t) \quad \Rightarrow \quad \frac{dy}{dt} = 3 \left( \cos^2(t) - \sin^2(t) \right)

At t=π2t = \frac{\pi}{2}:

  • dxdt=2sin(π2)=2\frac{dx}{dt} = -2 \sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) = -2
  • dydt=3(cos2(π2)sin2(π2))=3(01)=3\frac{dy}{dt} = 3 \left( \cos^2\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) - \sin^2\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right) = 3(0 - 1) = -3

Thus, the slope of the tangent line at t=π2t = \frac{\pi}{2} is: dydx=32=32\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{-3}{-2} = \frac{3}{2}

Step 3: Write the equation of the tangent line

The equation of a line with slope mm passing through the point (x0,y0)(x_0, y_0) is: yy0=m(xx0)y - y_0 = m(x - x_0)

At t=π2t = \frac{\pi}{2}, the point on the curve is (x0,y0)=(0,0)(x_0, y_0) = (0, 0). Thus, the equation of the tangent line is: y0=32(x0)y - 0 = \frac{3}{2}(x - 0) y=32xy = \frac{3}{2} x

Step 4: Check the result for t=3π2t = \frac{3\pi}{2}

Similarly, you can compute the slope for t=3π2t = \frac{3\pi}{2}. But we expect a different sign for the slope, as sin(t)\sin(t) and cos(t)\cos(t) will be different.

In summary:

  • The tangent line at t=π2t = \frac{\pi}{2} is y=32xy = \frac{3}{2} x.

So, the correct equation of the tangent line at (x,y)=(0,0)(x, y) = (0, 0) is:

y=32x\boxed{y = \frac{3}{2} x}

Would you like further clarification or assistance on the next part?

Further Questions:

  1. How would the tangent line equation change if the parametric equations were different?
  2. Can you describe how to find the points where the curve intersects the xx- and yy-axes?
  3. What is the significance of the derivative dydx\frac{dy}{dx} in terms of curve behavior?
  4. How does the second derivative relate to the curvature of the curve?
  5. Can you graph the parametric equations to visualize the curve and tangent line?

Tip: When working with parametric equations, always check for points where x=0x = 0 or y=0y = 0 to find potential intersections

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Parametric Equations
Tangents
Calculus

Formulas

Parametric Equations: x = 2cos(t), y = 3sin(t)cos(t)
Slope of Tangent Line: dy/dx = (dy/dt) / (dx/dt)
Derivative Rules: Product Rule, Trigonometric Derivatives

Theorems

Derivative as Slope of Tangent Line
Trigonometric Identities

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12