Math Problem Statement

  1. In a country the production function is y = 𝑘!/#. The fraction of output invested, γ, is 0.25. The

depreciation rate δ, is 0.05.

a. What are the steady-state levels of capital per worker, k, and output per worker, y?

b. In year 1, the level of capital per worker is 16. In a table such as the following one, show how

capital and output change over time (the beginning is filled in as a demonstration). Continue this

table up to year 8.

Year Capital

K

Output

Y=𝑘!/#

Investment

γ y

Depreciation

δk

Change in

Capital stock

γ y- δk

1 16 4 1 0.8 0.2

2 16.2

3

c. Calculate the growth rate of output between years 1 and 2.

d. Calculate the growth rate of output between years 7 and 8.

e. Comparing your answers from parts c and d, what can you conclude about the speed of output

growth as a country approaches its steady state?

Solution

We are given the following production function and parameters:

  • Production function: y=k1/2y = k^{1/2}, where yy is the output per worker and kk is the capital per worker.
  • Fraction of output invested: γ=0.25\gamma = 0.25
  • Depreciation rate: δ=0.05\delta = 0.05

We are tasked with finding the steady-state levels of capital per worker and output per worker and also constructing a table to track the capital and output over time.

Part A: Steady-State Levels of Capital and Output per Worker

In the Solow model, the steady state occurs when the change in capital per worker (Δk\Delta k) is zero. This happens when the investment per worker equals the depreciation of capital per worker.

The equation for capital accumulation is:

Δk=γyδk\Delta k = \gamma y - \delta k

At steady state, Δk=0\Delta k = 0, which gives:

γy=δk\gamma y = \delta k

Since the production function is y=k1/2y = k^{1/2}, substitute this into the equation:

γk1/2=δk\gamma k^{1/2} = \delta k

Now, solve for kk at the steady state:

γk1/2=δk\gamma k^{1/2} = \delta k k1/2=δγkk^{1/2} = \frac{\delta}{\gamma} k [ k = \left( \frac{\gamma^2}{\delta^2} \right)^{1/3}

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Production Functions
Solow Growth Model
Capital Accumulation
Steady-State Economics

Formulas

Production Function: y = k^(1/2)
Capital Accumulation: Δk = γy - δk
Steady-State Condition: γy = δk

Theorems

Solow Growth Model
Steady-State Theorem in Economic Growth

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Economics or Graduate Level