Math Problem Statement

Find single value decomposition of a matrix 2×3 ,3 2 2 2 3 -2

Solution

To find the singular value decomposition (SVD) of the given matrix:

A=(322232)A = \begin{pmatrix} 3 & 2 & 2 \\ 2 & 3 & -2 \end{pmatrix}

Steps for SVD:

  1. Form the matrix ATAA^T A:
    Calculate ATA^T, the transpose of matrix AA, and then compute ATAA^T A.

  2. Compute eigenvalues and eigenvectors of ATAA^T A. The singular values are the square roots of the eigenvalues of ATAA^T A.

  3. Compute UU:
    The matrix UU is obtained from the eigenvectors of AATAA^T and gives the left singular vectors.

  4. Compute VV:
    The matrix VV is obtained from the eigenvectors of ATAA^T A and gives the right singular vectors.

Let me calculate this step by step.The singular value decomposition (SVD) of matrix A=(322232)A = \begin{pmatrix} 3 & 2 & 2 \\ 2 & 3 & -2 \end{pmatrix} is given by:

A=UΣVTA = U \Sigma V^T

Where:

  1. Matrix UU (left singular vectors): 0.7071 & -0.7071 \\ 0.7071 & 0.7071 \end{pmatrix}$$
  2. Matrix Σ\Sigma (singular values along diagonal): 5 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 6.01 \times 10^{-8} & 0 \end{pmatrix}$$
  3. Matrix VV (right singular vectors): -0.7071 & -0.6667 & 0.2357 \\ -0.7071 & 0.6667 & -0.2357 \\ 0 & 0.3333 & 0.9428 \end{pmatrix}$$

This gives the full SVD decomposition.

Would you like more details or have any questions?


Here are five related questions to explore further:

  1. How do the eigenvalues of ATAA^T A relate to the singular values?
  2. Why are the singular values in Σ\Sigma non-negative?
  3. How is the rank of a matrix determined from its singular values?
  4. What is the physical interpretation of SVD in data analysis?
  5. How does SVD help in matrix compression and dimensionality reduction?

Tip: The smallest singular values can often be ignored in practice to reduce noise in data applications.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Linear Algebra
Singular Value Decomposition
Matrix Decomposition

Formulas

A = U Σ V^T (Singular Value Decomposition formula)
Eigenvalue and eigenvector calculations for A^T A and A A^T

Theorems

Singular Value Decomposition Theorem
Eigenvalue Decomposition Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

University Level (Undergraduate or Graduate)