This question is about set theory and involves understanding the relationships between three sets: natural numbers (N), integers (Z), and rational numbers (Q). The task asks us to determine which of the three given statements are correct.

The sets are defined as follows:

• N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...} (natural numbers)
• Z = {..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, ...} (integers)
• Q = {p/q | p, q ∈ Z, q ≠ 0} (rational numbers)

The three statements are:

1. N ⊆ Z ⊆ Q: This statement suggests that the set of natural numbers is a subset of the set of integers, which is a subset of the set of rational numbers.
2. N ∩ Q = N: This suggests that the intersection of the natural numbers and the rational numbers is just the set of natural numbers.
3. Z ∪ Q = Q: This suggests that the union of the integers and the rational numbers is equal to the set of rational numbers.

Let's analyze the validity of these statements:

1. N ⊆ Z ⊆ Q: The natural numbers (N) are part of the integers (Z) because every natural number is an integer. The integers (Z) are part of the rational numbers (Q) because every integer can be expressed as a rational number (e.g., 3 can be written as 3/1). So, this statement is true.

2. N ∩ Q = N: Since the natural numbers are rational (each natural number can be written as itself over 1, e.g., 3 = 3/1), the intersection of N and Q is indeed the set of natural numbers. This statement is also true.

3. Z ∪ Q = Q: The set of rational numbers includes the integers, so the union of integers and rational numbers is just the set of rational numbers. This statement is true as well.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

A. Semua pernyataan benar (All statements are true).

Would you like to explore further or need more explanation on any of the statements? Here are some related questions:

1. How are integers different from rational numbers?
2. What is the relationship between natural numbers and whole numbers?
3. Can you give examples of rational and irrational numbers?
4. What are the key operations that preserve rationality in numbers?
5. What happens if you remove zero from the set of integers (Z)?

Tip: Understanding the hierarchy of sets can help you visualize the relationships between numbers.