Math Problem Statement
Solution
The image contains a set of logical derivation exercises (Exercise 10) from a formal logic course or text. The task is to write out derivations to prove each of the given sequents, which involve formulas in propositional logic using symbols like implication (→), conjunction (∧), and variables such as ϕ, ψ, θ, χ.
Exercise 10: Derivations for the following sequents
-
⊢ (ϕ → (ψ → ψ))
This is likely a simple application of the identity property in propositional logic. -
⊢ ((θ → (ϕ → ψ)) → (θ → (ϕ → ψ)))
This is a tautology; you need to show that the statement is derivable from itself. -
{(ϕ → ψ), (ϕ → χ)} ⊢ (ϕ → (ψ ∧ χ))
You are given the premises and , and asked to show that is derivable. -
{(ϕ → ψ), ((ϕ ∧ ψ) → χ)} ⊢ (ϕ → χ)
Starting from the assumptions and , you need to derive . -
{(ϕ → (ψ → χ))} ⊢ ((ϕ ∧ ψ) → χ)
This involves deriving from an implication within an implication and proving that a conjunction leads to the same conclusion. -
⊢ ((θ → ψ) → ((ψ → θ) → θ))
This is more complex, likely involving contraposition and transitivity in some way. -
⊢ ((θ → (ϕ ∧ θ)) → ((ϕ → θ) ∧ (θ → ϕ)))
A derivation where you work with conjunctions and implications together.
How would you like to approach the derivations for these sequents? I can help with a step-by-step derivation for each one.
Here are some follow-up questions to guide you:
- Would you like to start with a specific exercise from the list for a detailed proof?
- Are you familiar with the rules of inference, such as Modus Ponens or Conjunction Introduction, which are often used in these proofs?
- Do you want a brief refresher on natural deduction or sequent calculus for solving these?
- Would you prefer formal derivations in symbolic notation or a more intuitive explanation?
- Are there any specific logical symbols or rules that you need clarification on?
Tip: In propositional logic, common proof strategies include using tautologies, implications, and simplifications like Modus Ponens (if and , then ).
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Math Problem Analysis
Mathematical Concepts
Propositional Logic
Formal Logic
Natural Deduction
Formulas
ϕ → (ψ → ψ)
((θ → (ϕ → ψ)) → (θ → (ϕ → ψ)))
{(ϕ → ψ), (ϕ → χ)} ⊢ (ϕ → (ψ ∧ χ))
{(ϕ → ψ), ((ϕ ∧ ψ) → χ)} ⊢ (ϕ → χ)
{(ϕ → (ψ → χ))} ⊢ ((ϕ ∧ ψ) → χ)
((θ → ψ) → ((ψ → θ) → θ))
((θ → (ϕ ∧ θ)) → ((ϕ → θ) ∧ (θ → ϕ)))
Theorems
Tautology
Implication Elimination
Conjunction Introduction
Modus Ponens
Suitable Grade Level
Undergraduate (Introduction to Logic/Philosophy)
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