Math Problem Statement

Suppose three cards are drawn from a 52-card deck. What is the probability of getting three hearts if the card drawn is not replaced each time before the next one is drawn?

A. 0.0129

B. 0.0026

C. 0.0039

D. 0.0625

Solution

To calculate the probability of drawing three hearts consecutively from a 52-card deck without replacement, we follow these steps:


Step 1: Total number of ways to draw 3 cards

The total number of ways to choose 3 cards from a 52-card deck is given by the combination:

(523)=525150321=22,100\binom{52}{3} = \frac{52 \cdot 51 \cdot 50}{3 \cdot 2 \cdot 1} = 22,100


Step 2: Number of favorable outcomes

There are 13 hearts in the deck. To draw 3 hearts, the number of favorable outcomes is:

(133)=131211321=286\binom{13}{3} = \frac{13 \cdot 12 \cdot 11}{3 \cdot 2 \cdot 1} = 286


Step 3: Probability of getting 3 hearts

The probability is the ratio of favorable outcomes to total outcomes:

P(3 hearts)=(133)(523)=28622,1000.0129P(\text{3 hearts}) = \frac{\binom{13}{3}}{\binom{52}{3}} = \frac{286}{22,100} \approx 0.0129


Final Answer:

The probability of drawing three hearts is 0.0129, corresponding to Option A.


Do you want to explore this step-by-step further or ask about related concepts?

Relative Questions:

  1. How would the probability change if the cards were replaced each time?
  2. What is the probability of drawing 3 spades instead of hearts?
  3. How does the probability change if we draw 5 cards instead of 3?
  4. What is the general formula for calculating such probabilities?
  5. Can this problem be solved using conditional probabilities instead?

Tip:

For problems involving probabilities without replacement, always consider the changing size of the total sample space and favorable outcomes after each draw.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Probability
Combinatorics

Formulas

Combination formula: C(n, r) = n! / [r!(n-r)!]
Probability formula: P(E) = Favorable outcomes / Total outcomes

Theorems

Basic Probability Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12