Math Problem Statement

If you are dealt five cards from a standard deck of 52 cards then find the probability of getting three tens and two jacks.

Enter your answer as a simplified fraction. Do not enter a decimal value.

The probability of getting three tens and two jacks is

Solution

To find the probability of being dealt three tens and two jacks from a standard deck of 52 cards, we can break down the problem into two parts: calculating the number of favorable outcomes and the total possible outcomes.

Step 1: Total Possible Outcomes

The total number of ways to choose 5 cards from a deck of 52 cards is given by the combination formula:

(nk)=n!k!(nk)!\binom{n}{k} = \frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!}

Thus, the total possible outcomes are:

(525)\binom{52}{5}

Calculating this:

(525)=52!5!(525)!=52!5!47!=52×51×50×49×485×4×3×2×1=2,598,960\binom{52}{5} = \frac{52!}{5!(52-5)!} = \frac{52!}{5! \cdot 47!} = \frac{52 \times 51 \times 50 \times 49 \times 48}{5 \times 4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1} = 2,598,960

Step 2: Favorable Outcomes

Next, we need to calculate the number of ways to choose 3 tens and 2 jacks.

  • Choosing 3 tens: There are 4 tens in the deck, and we need to choose 3 of them:

(43)=4\binom{4}{3} = 4

  • Choosing 2 jacks: There are 4 jacks in the deck, and we need to choose 2 of them:

(42)=6\binom{4}{2} = 6

Step 3: Total Favorable Outcomes

Now, we multiply the number of ways to choose the tens and jacks:

Total favorable outcomes=(43)×(42)=4×6=24\text{Total favorable outcomes} = \binom{4}{3} \times \binom{4}{2} = 4 \times 6 = 24

Step 4: Probability

Finally, the probability of being dealt 3 tens and 2 jacks is:

P(3 tens and 2 jacks)=Total favorable outcomesTotal possible outcomes=242,598,960P(\text{3 tens and 2 jacks}) = \frac{\text{Total favorable outcomes}}{\text{Total possible outcomes}} = \frac{24}{2,598,960}

Step 5: Simplifying the Fraction

Now we simplify the fraction:

242,598,960=1108,740\frac{24}{2,598,960} = \frac{1}{108,740}

Thus, the probability of getting three tens and two jacks is:

1108740\boxed{\frac{1}{108740}}

If you have any questions or need further details, let me know! Here are some related questions you might consider:

  1. How would the probability change if you wanted four tens and one jack?
  2. What is the probability of getting a flush in the same hand?
  3. How many different combinations of five cards can you form from the deck?
  4. How does the probability differ when drawing from a deck with jokers included?
  5. What is the probability of getting a full house (three of one kind and two of another)?

Tip: When calculating probabilities, always consider both the favorable outcomes and the total outcomes carefully!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Combinatorics
Probability Theory

Formulas

Combination formula: C(n, k) = n! / (k!(n-k)!)
Probability formula: P = favorable outcomes / total outcomes

Theorems

Basic Probability Theorem
Combinatorial Selection

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12