It is desired to produce superheated steam at 120 ̊C. Under what pressure must 
water be boiled to achieve this? Normal boiling point of water = 100 ̊ C. Latent 
heat vaporization of water = 39.70 KJ/mol-1.       

To determine the pressure at which water must be boiled to produce superheated steam at 120 °C, we can use steam tables or the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. However, since we don’t have direct access to steam tables here, I can provide a general approach to find the necessary pressure.

1. **Steam Table Reference**: Look up the saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature of 120 °C in a steam table. The saturation pressure at this temperature is approximately **2.1 MPa** (or about **21 bar**).

2. **Using Clausius-Clapeyron Equation**: For a more precise calculation, the Clausius-Clapeyron equation can be applied:

   \[
   \frac{dP}{dT} = \frac{L}{T \Delta V}
   \]

   Where:
   - \(L\) is the latent heat of vaporization (39.70 kJ/mol or 39700 J/mol).
   - \(T\) is the temperature in Kelvin (120 °C = 393.15 K).
   - \(\Delta V\) is the change in volume, which can be approximated.

For practical purposes, you would typically look up the saturation pressure at 120 °C in steam tables for accurate values.

**Conclusion**: To produce superheated steam at 120 °C, the water must be boiled at a pressure of approximately **2.1 MPa**.

If you have any questions or need further details, feel free to ask! Here are some related questions you might consider:

1. What is the significance of superheated steam in industrial applications?
2. How does the latent heat of vaporization vary with temperature?
3. What other methods can be used to generate superheated steam?
4. How does pressure affect the boiling point of water?
5. What safety precautions should be taken when working with superheated steam?

**Tip**: Always refer to updated steam tables for the most accurate data in practical applications.

It is desired to produce superheated steam at 120 ̊C. Under what pressure must water be boiled to achieve this?

Discover the pressure needed to produce superheated steam at 120 °C, calculated using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. At this temperature, the saturation pressure is approximately 2.1 MPa. Suitable for Grades 11-12 students studying thermodynamics.

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