Math Problem Statement

4, imaginary sign, find the polynomial function

Solution

To find the polynomial function whose roots include 44 and an imaginary sign, we interpret this as a root of the form a±bia \pm bi, where aa is the real part and bb is the imaginary part. However, roots of polynomials with real coefficients must occur in conjugate pairs. If one root is 44 and there is an imaginary root, let the roots be:

  1. 44 (real root)
  2. a+bia + bi (imaginary root)
  3. abia - bi (conjugate of the imaginary root)

Step-by-Step Derivation

Assuming the imaginary roots are ii (simplest case where a=0,b=1a = 0, b = 1):

  • The roots are: 44, ii, and i-i.

The polynomial is formed as: P(x)=(x4)(xi)(x+i)P(x) = (x - 4)(x - i)(x + i)

Now simplify:

  1. Expand the imaginary part: (xi)(x+i)=x2+1(x - i)(x + i) = x^2 + 1

  2. Combine with the real root: P(x)=(x4)(x2+1)P(x) = (x - 4)(x^2 + 1)

Expand fully: P(x)=x(x2+1)4(x2+1)P(x) = x(x^2 + 1) - 4(x^2 + 1) P(x)=x3+x4x24P(x) = x^3 + x - 4x^2 - 4

Rearranging: [ P(x) = x^3 - 4x^2 + x - 4

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Polynomial Functions
Complex Numbers
Conjugate Pairs

Formulas

(x - r)(x - s)... for polynomial roots
(x - i)(x + i) = x^2 + 1

Theorems

Roots of Polynomials with Real Coefficients
Complex Conjugate Root Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12