Math Problem Statement

An oxygen tank is constructed of a right cylinder of height y and radius x with two hemispheres of radius x mounted on the top and bottom of the cylinder. Express the volume in units3 of the cylinder as a function of two variables, x and y.

V(xy) =      units3

Find 

V(11, 3).    units3

Explain what this means.

This means that a tank with cylinder height      and radius      has volume      units3.

Solution

To find the volume of the oxygen tank, we need to combine the volumes of the cylindrical part and the two hemispheres at the top and bottom.

  1. Cylinder Volume:
    The volume of a right circular cylinder is given by the formula: Vcylinder=πx2yV_{\text{cylinder}} = \pi x^2 y where xx is the radius of the base, and yy is the height of the cylinder.

  2. Two Hemispheres Volume:
    The volume of a single sphere is: Vsphere=43πx3V_{\text{sphere}} = \frac{4}{3} \pi x^3 Since there are two hemispheres (which together make a full sphere), their combined volume is the same as the volume of one sphere: Vhemispheres=43πx3V_{\text{hemispheres}} = \frac{4}{3} \pi x^3

  3. Total Volume of the Tank:
    The total volume V(x,y)V(x, y) of the oxygen tank is the sum of the volumes of the cylindrical part and the hemispheres: V(x,y)=πx2y+43πx3V(x, y) = \pi x^2 y + \frac{4}{3} \pi x^3

Thus, the formula for the total volume is: V(x,y)=πx2y+43πx3V(x, y) = \pi x^2 y + \frac{4}{3} \pi x^3

Finding V(11,3)V(11, 3)

Now, substitute x=11x = 11 and y=3y = 3 into the formula: V(11,3)=π(11)2(3)+43π(11)3V(11, 3) = \pi (11)^2 (3) + \frac{4}{3} \pi (11)^3

First, compute the two parts: π(11)2(3)=π(121)(3)=363π\pi (11)^2 (3) = \pi (121)(3) = 363\pi 43π(11)3=43π(1331)=53243π\frac{4}{3} \pi (11)^3 = \frac{4}{3} \pi (1331) = \frac{5324}{3} \pi

Now, sum these up: V(11,3)=363π+53243π=10893π+53243π=64133πV(11, 3) = 363\pi + \frac{5324}{3}\pi = \frac{1089}{3}\pi + \frac{5324}{3}\pi = \frac{6413}{3}\pi

Approximating this using π3.1416\pi \approx 3.1416: V(11,3)64133×3.1416=6711.37units3V(11, 3) \approx \frac{6413}{3} \times 3.1416 = 6711.37 \, \text{units}^3

Explanation of the result:

This means that an oxygen tank with a cylindrical height of 3 units and a radius of 11 units has a total volume of approximately 6711.37 cubic units.


Do you want more details or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions:

  1. How does the volume formula change if the hemispheres are replaced with cones?
  2. What is the surface area of this oxygen tank?
  3. How would you express the volume if only one hemisphere is attached to the cylinder?
  4. What is the total height of the tank, including both hemispheres?
  5. How would the volume change if the height of the cylinder is doubled?

Tip: Understanding how to split shapes into simpler components can make solving geometric problems much easier.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Volume Calculation
Geometry
Cylinders and Spheres

Formulas

Volume of a cylinder: V_cylinder = πx^2y
Volume of a sphere: V_sphere = (4/3)πx^3
Total volume: V(x, y) = πx^2y + (4/3)πx^3

Theorems

Cavalieri's Principle for Volume

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12