Math Problem Statement

solve using node

Solve the circuit using the node-voltage method.

Solution

To solve the circuit using the node-voltage method, we need to label the nodes and apply Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) at the node(s) of interest. Here's how we can proceed based on the image provided.

Step-by-Step Solution:

  1. Identify Nodes:

    • Let's call the node at the top of the circuit (above R1R_1, R2R_2, and R3R_3) as VAV_A. The ground node is already marked as GG, which is 0V0 \, V.
    • We will apply KCL at node VAV_A.
  2. Label Voltages:

    • V1=40VV_1 = 40 \, V (given by the voltage source on the left),
    • V2=100VV_2 = 100 \, V (given by the voltage source on the right),
    • VG=0VV_G = 0 \, V (ground node).
  3. Apply Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) at Node VAV_A: According to KCL, the sum of the currents leaving (or entering) a node is zero. The current through a resistor is given by I=VRI = \frac{V}{R}. Let's calculate the currents leaving node VAV_A.

    • The current through R1R_1 (left branch): IR1=VAV1R1=VA40400I_{R_1} = \frac{V_A - V_1}{R_1} = \frac{V_A - 40}{400}

    • The current through R2R_2 (right branch): IR2=VAV2R2=VA100100I_{R_2} = \frac{V_A - V_2}{R_2} = \frac{V_A - 100}{100}

    • The current through R3R_3 (middle branch): IR3=VAVGR3=VA020=VA20I_{R_3} = \frac{V_A - V_G}{R_3} = \frac{V_A - 0}{20} = \frac{V_A}{20}

  4. Set up the KCL equation at Node VAV_A: IR1+IR2+IR3=0I_{R_1} + I_{R_2} + I_{R_3} = 0 Substituting the current expressions: VA40400+VA100100+VA20=0\frac{V_A - 40}{400} + \frac{V_A - 100}{100} + \frac{V_A}{20} = 0

  5. Solve the equation for VAV_A: Multiply through by 400 (the least common denominator) to eliminate the denominators: (VA40)+4(VA100)+20VA=0(V_A - 40) + 4(V_A - 100) + 20V_A = 0 Simplify: VA40+4VA400+20VA=0V_A - 40 + 4V_A - 400 + 20V_A = 0 Combine like terms: 25VA440=025V_A - 440 = 0 Solving for VAV_A: 25VA=44025V_A = 440 VA=44025=17.6VV_A = \frac{440}{25} = 17.6 \, V

Node Voltage at VAV_A:

The voltage at node VAV_A is VA=17.6VV_A = 17.6 \, V.


Would you like more details on any specific part, or do you have any questions?

Here are some relative questions that may help further explore the concepts:

  1. What happens if one of the resistances is altered in this circuit?
  2. How would you calculate the power dissipated by each resistor?
  3. How can you verify the total current supplied by each voltage source?
  4. What if a fourth resistor is added between VAV_A and the ground?
  5. How would using a different analysis method (e.g., mesh analysis) compare with the node-voltage method?

Tip: Always check if the resistances are connected in series or parallel to simplify circuits where possible.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Node Voltage Method
Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)
Circuit Analysis

Formulas

I = V / R
KCL: Sum of currents entering or leaving a node = 0

Theorems

Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)

Suitable Grade Level

College Level / Advanced High School Physics