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The problem states:

- The initial ratio of salaries of A and B is \( 8 : 5 \).
- The salary of A is increased by 25%, and the salary of B is decreased by 25%.
- We are asked to find the new ratio of the salary of A and B.

Let's break this down.

### Step 1: Let the original salaries of A and B be \( 8x \) and \( 5x \), respectively.

### Step 2: Calculate the new salary of A after a 25% increase.
The new salary of A will be:
\[
\text{New Salary of A} = 8x + \left( \frac{25}{100} \times 8x \right) = 8x + 2x = 10x
\]

### Step 3: Calculate the new salary of B after a 25% decrease.
The new salary of B will be:
\[
\text{New Salary of B} = 5x - \left( \frac{25}{100} \times 5x \right) = 5x - 1.25x = 3.75x
\]

### Step 4: Find the new ratio of A to B.
The new ratio is:
\[
\text{New Ratio} = \frac{10x}{3.75x} = \frac{10}{3.75} = \frac{40}{15} = \frac{8}{3}
\]

Thus, the new ratio of salaries of A and B is \( 8:3 \), which corresponds to option (b).

### Answer: \( \boxed{8:3} \)

Would you like more details on any part of the solution? Here are some related questions to explore:

1. What if the percentage changes for both salaries were different?
2. How would the solution change if one of the salaries remained unchanged?
3. What is the meaning of ratio in practical terms when comparing salaries?
4. How can such percentage changes be modeled in other financial contexts?
5. How would you calculate the ratio if both salaries were reduced by 25%?

**Tip:** When comparing percentages, always work with their fractional equivalents to simplify calculations.

The ratio of salaries of A and B are 8:5. If the salary of A increased by 25% and B decreased by 25%, what will be the new ratio of salary of A and B?

Learn how to calculate the new ratio of salaries of A and B after a 25% increase for A and a 25% decrease for B. The problem involves ratio and percentage calculations, suitable for students in Grades 8-10.

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