Math Problem Statement

Solve the linear programming problem by the method of corners. Find the minimum and maximum of P = 6x + 4y subject to 3x + 5y ≥ 20, 3x + y ≤ 16, -2x + y ≤ 3, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.

Solution

To solve this linear programming problem using the method of corners, we need to:

  1. Determine the feasible region by graphing each inequality and finding where they intersect.
  2. Identify the corner points (vertices) of the feasible region.
  3. Substitute these corner points into the objective function P=6x+4yP = 6x + 4y to find the values of PP at each vertex.
  4. Identify the minimum and maximum values of PP.

Step-by-Step Solution

The inequalities given are:

  1. 3x+5y203x + 5y \geq 20
  2. 3x+y163x + y \leq 16
  3. 2x+y3-2x + y \leq 3
  4. x0x \geq 0
  5. y0y \geq 0

Step 1: Convert the inequalities to equations and solve for intersection points.

  1. For 3x+5y=203x + 5y = 20 and 3x+y=163x + y = 16:

    • Subtracting the second equation from the first to eliminate 3x3x: (3x+5y)(3x+y)=2016(3x + 5y) - (3x + y) = 20 - 16 4y=4y=14y = 4 \Rightarrow y = 1
    • Substitute y=1y = 1 into 3x+y=163x + y = 16: 3x+1=163x=15x=53x + 1 = 16 \Rightarrow 3x = 15 \Rightarrow x = 5
    • So, one intersection point is (5,1)(5, 1).
  2. For 3x+y=163x + y = 16 and 2x+y=3-2x + y = 3:

    • Subtract the second equation from the first to eliminate yy: (3x+y)(2x+y)=163(3x + y) - (-2x + y) = 16 - 3 5x=13x=135=2.65x = 13 \Rightarrow x = \frac{13}{5} = 2.6
    • Substitute x=2.6x = 2.6 into 3x+y=163x + y = 16: 3(2.6)+y=167.8+y=16y=8.23(2.6) + y = 16 \Rightarrow 7.8 + y = 16 \Rightarrow y = 8.2
    • So, another intersection point is (135,415)(2.6,8.2)\left( \frac{13}{5}, \frac{41}{5} \right) \approx (2.6, 8.2).
  3. For ( 3

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Linear Programming
Inequalities
Optimization
Method of Corners

Formulas

Objective Function: P = 6x + 4y

Theorems

Method of Corners (Vertex Method)

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12