Math Problem Statement

lim(x->0) sin(3x) / (√(5x+4) - 2)

Solution

We are given the limit problem:

limx0sin(3x)5x+42\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin(3x)}{\sqrt{5x + 4} - 2}

Step-by-Step Solution:

  1. Substitute x=0x = 0: First, let's substitute x=0x = 0 directly into the expression to check if it's an indeterminate form.

    sin(3(0))5(0)+42=sin(0)42=022=00\frac{\sin(3(0))}{\sqrt{5(0) + 4} - 2} = \frac{\sin(0)}{\sqrt{4} - 2} = \frac{0}{2 - 2} = \frac{0}{0}

    Since we get the indeterminate form 00\frac{0}{0}, we can apply L'Hopital's Rule, which states that if a limit is in the indeterminate form 00\frac{0}{0}, we can differentiate the numerator and denominator and then evaluate the limit.

  2. Differentiate the numerator: The derivative of sin(3x)\sin(3x) is: ddx[sin(3x)]=3cos(3x)\frac{d}{dx}[\sin(3x)] = 3\cos(3x)

  3. Differentiate the denominator: The denominator is 5x+42\sqrt{5x + 4} - 2. The derivative of 5x+4\sqrt{5x + 4} is: ddx[5x+4]=525x+4\frac{d}{dx}[\sqrt{5x + 4}] = \frac{5}{2\sqrt{5x + 4}} Since the derivative of 2-2 is 00, the derivative of the entire denominator is: 525x+4\frac{5}{2\sqrt{5x + 4}}

  4. Set up the new limit: After applying L'Hopital's Rule, we now have: limx03cos(3x)525x+4\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{3\cos(3x)}{\frac{5}{2\sqrt{5x + 4}}}

  5. Simplify the expression: Substituting x=0x = 0 in the simplified expression: limx03cos(3x)524=3cos(0)522=3154=345=125\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{3\cos(3x)}{\frac{5}{2\sqrt{4}}} = \frac{3 \cdot \cos(0)}{\frac{5}{2 \cdot 2}} = \frac{3 \cdot 1}{\frac{5}{4}} = 3 \cdot \frac{4}{5} = \frac{12}{5}

    Hence, the value of the limit is: 125\frac{12}{5}

Answer:

The correct option is (b) 125\frac{12}{5}.


Do you have any questions or would you like more details on any step?

Here are some related questions for practice:

  1. What is L'Hopital's Rule, and when is it applicable?
  2. How do you find the derivative of a square root function?
  3. What are the standard limits involving trigonometric functions like sin(x)\sin(x) and cos(x)\cos(x)?
  4. How do you simplify complex fractions?
  5. Can L'Hopital's Rule be applied multiple times if necessary?

Tip: When applying L'Hopital's Rule, always check that the limit is initially in an indeterminate form like 00\frac{0}{0} or \frac{\infty}{\infty}.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Limits
Trigonometry
L'Hopital's Rule

Formulas

lim(x->0) sin(x)/x = 1
L'Hopital's Rule: lim(f(x)/g(x)) = lim(f'(x)/g'(x))

Theorems

L'Hopital's Rule

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 11-12 (or early college level calculus)