Math Problem Statement

lim (x→0) (5^x - 7^x)/x

Solution

The limit you provided is:

limx05x7xx\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{5^x - 7^x}{x}

Steps to solve:

  1. Recognize Indeterminate Form: When we plug in x=0x = 0, both 5x5^x and 7x7^x approach 1, so the numerator becomes 5070=11=05^0 - 7^0 = 1 - 1 = 0. Thus, the expression is of the form 00\frac{0}{0}, which is indeterminate. We can apply L'Hopital's Rule.

  2. L'Hopital's Rule: This rule states that for indeterminate forms 00\frac{0}{0}, we can compute the limit by differentiating the numerator and denominator with respect to xx.

    • Differentiate the numerator: ddx(5x7x)=5xln57xln7\frac{d}{dx}(5^x - 7^x) = 5^x \ln 5 - 7^x \ln 7.
    • Differentiate the denominator: ddx(x)=1\frac{d}{dx}(x) = 1.

    Applying L'Hopital's Rule, the limit becomes: limx05xln57xln71=50ln570ln7=ln5ln7.\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{5^x \ln 5 - 7^x \ln 7}{1} = 5^0 \ln 5 - 7^0 \ln 7 = \ln 5 - \ln 7.

  3. Final Answer: limx05x7xx=ln5ln7.\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{5^x - 7^x}{x} = \ln 5 - \ln 7.

Do you want further details or have any questions? Here are some related questions:

  1. How does L'Hopital's Rule apply to different indeterminate forms?
  2. What are the other techniques for solving limits besides L'Hopital’s Rule?
  3. Can you explain why 5x5^x and 7x7^x approach 1 as x0x \to 0?
  4. What are the conditions under which L'Hopital's Rule can be used?
  5. How does the natural logarithm ln\ln appear in derivatives of exponential functions?

Tip: When solving limits that result in 00\frac{0}{0} or \frac{\infty}{\infty}, always consider L'Hopital's Rule as a potential approach!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Limits
Indeterminate Forms
L'Hopital's Rule
Exponential Functions

Formulas

L'Hopital's Rule
Derivative of exponential functions: d/dx (a^x) = a^x ln(a)

Theorems

L'Hopital's Rule

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate Calculus