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### Question 22: Vegetables (5 marks)

#### (i) Discuss ONE importance of a well-prepared nursery in seed germination and seedling growth in vegetables. (3 marks)

A well-prepared nursery is crucial because it creates an ideal environment for seed germination and early seedling development. It provides adequate nutrients, moisture, and aeration, which are essential for healthy growth. A well-prepared nursery bed also helps in protecting young plants from diseases and pests, thereby enhancing their survival rate and promoting strong initial growth. This leads to more vigorous plants when they are transplanted to the field, ensuring better yields.

#### (ii) Describe ONE benefit of mulching in vegetable production. (2 marks)

Mulching helps to retain soil moisture by reducing evaporation, which is beneficial in vegetable production. It also regulates soil temperature, suppresses weed growth, and reduces soil erosion. As a result, mulching can enhance crop yields by providing a more stable growing environment and reducing the need for frequent watering.

### Question 23: Coconuts (3 marks)

*Mr. Jones’ one-hectare coconut plantation is covered with weeds (giant mimosa – nila grass). He plans to use herbicide to control the weeds. Given the following instructions: 20 millilitres (ml) of Glyphosate will make 20 litres (l) of solution that is enough to spray one quarter of the field. How many millilitres (ml) of herbicide and litres (l) of solution does Mr. Jones need to spray the whole plantation? (Show your calculations)*

#### Solution

1. If 20 ml of Glyphosate makes 20 litres of solution, and this amount is enough to spray one quarter of the field, then:
   - To spray the entire field (4 quarters), Mr. Jones will need four times the quantity.

2. Calculation:
   - **Herbicide required for the entire field:** \( 20 \, \text{ml} \times 4 = 80 \, \text{ml} \)
   - **Solution required for the entire field:** \( 20 \, \text{litres} \times 4 = 80 \, \text{litres} \)

Therefore, Mr. Jones needs **80 millilitres of herbicide** and **80 litres of solution** to spray the whole plantation.

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Would you like further details or have any questions on these solutions? Here are some related questions to deepen understanding:

1. What other practices, besides nursery preparation, are important for successful seedling growth in vegetables?
2. How does mulch impact soil nutrient levels over time?
3. Can mulching ever be detrimental to certain types of plants, and if so, why?
4. What are some environmental considerations when using herbicides like Glyphosate?
5. How can one determine the exact dosage of herbicide for various types of weeds?

**Tip:** Always check herbicide labels and follow recommended dosages carefully to avoid harming crops or the surrounding environment.

22. VEGETABLES (5 marks)

(i) Discuss ONE (1) importance of a well-prepared nursery in seed germination and seedling growth in vegetables.

(ii) Describe ONE (1) benefit of mulching in vegetable production.

23. COCONUTS (3 marks)

Mr. Jones' one hectare coconut plantation is covered with weeds (giant mimosa – nila grass). He is planning to use herbicide to control the weeds. Given the following instructions: 20 millilitres (ml) of Glyphosate will make 20 litres (l) of solution that is enough to spray one quarter of the field. How many millilitres (ml) of herbicide and litres (l) of solution does Mr. Jones need to spray the whole plantation? (Show your calculations)

Solve a practical problem in agricultural math by determining the herbicide and solution needed to spray a one-hectare coconut plantation. Given that 20 ml of Glyphosate makes 20 liters of solution sufficient for one quarter of the field, calculate the amount needed to cover the entire area. This problem demonstrates proportion and multiplication concepts, suitable for students in Grades 6-8.

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