Math Problem Statement

   A population of fish in a pond is described by the logistic function P(t)=2101+e−0.54tPt=2101+e−0.54t, where P(t)Pt is the number of fish in tt years.

Solution

The given logistic function is:

P(t)=2101+e0.54tP(t) = \frac{210}{1 + e^{-0.54t}}

This equation describes the population P(t)P(t) of fish in a pond as a function of time tt in years.

Key Features of the Logistic Function:

  1. Carrying Capacity (Maximum Population): The maximum population the environment can sustain, given by the numerator (210 in this case). As tt approaches infinity, P(t)P(t) approaches 210.

  2. Initial Population: The initial population P(0)P(0) can be found by substituting t=0t = 0 into the equation: P(0)=2101+e0=2102=105P(0) = \frac{210}{1 + e^{0}} = \frac{210}{2} = 105 So, the initial population is 105 fish.

  3. Growth Rate: The term e0.54te^{-0.54t} indicates the rate of change. The coefficient 0.540.54 represents the growth rate, and the negative sign indicates that as tt increases, e0.54te^{-0.54t} decreases, which gradually slows down the growth.

Analysis:

  • As tt increases: The exponential term e0.54te^{-0.54t} decreases, making the denominator approach 1, and P(t)P(t) approaches the carrying capacity of 210 fish.
  • At t=0t = 0: The population is half of the carrying capacity due to the initial exponential term being 1.

Summary of the Population Function:

  • Initial Population: 105 fish
  • Maximum Population (Carrying Capacity): 210 fish
  • Growth Rate: 0.540.54 per year

Would you like further details or have any questions?

Here are 5 related questions:

  1. How does the logistic model differ from an exponential growth model?
  2. What happens to the population if the growth rate 0.540.54 is increased or decreased?
  3. How can we calculate the time tt when the population reaches half of the carrying capacity?
  4. How does the population change as tt approaches infinity?
  5. Can the logistic model be used to predict population decline?

Tip: The logistic function is widely used in ecology to model populations that grow rapidly at first but slow down as they approach a maximum limit, reflecting limited resources.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Logistic Function
Exponential Functions
Population Dynamics

Formulas

Logistic Function P(t) = 210 / (1 + e^(-0.54t))

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Advanced High School