Math Problem Statement

If ax2 + bx + c is divisible by (x + 2) and (x+3) but leaves a remainder of 36 when divided by (x-1), find the value of c.

Solution

Since the polynomial ax2+bx+cax^2 + bx + c is divisible by (x+2)(x + 2) and (x+3)(x + 3), we know that x=2x = -2 and x=3x = -3 are roots of the polynomial. Therefore:

  1. f(2)=0f(-2) = 0
  2. f(3)=0f(-3) = 0

Additionally, we are given that dividing the polynomial by (x1)(x - 1) leaves a remainder of 36, which implies:

  1. f(1)=36f(1) = 36

Let's use these conditions to form equations based on the polynomial f(x)=ax2+bx+cf(x) = ax^2 + bx + c.

Step 1: Set Up the Equations

Since f(x)=ax2+bx+cf(x) = ax^2 + bx + c:

  1. Using f(2)=0f(-2) = 0: a(2)2+b(2)+c=0a(-2)^2 + b(-2) + c = 0 4a2b+c=04a - 2b + c = 0

  2. Using f(3)=0f(-3) = 0: a(3)2+b(3)+c=0a(-3)^2 + b(-3) + c = 0 9a3b+c=09a - 3b + c = 0

  3. Using f(1)=36f(1) = 36: a(1)2+b(1)+c=36a(1)^2 + b(1) + c = 36 a+b+c=36a + b + c = 36

Now we have a system of three equations:

4a2b+c=04a - 2b + c = 0 9a3b+c=09a - 3b + c = 0 a+b+c=36a + b + c = 36

Step 2: Solve the System of Equations

  1. Subtract the first equation from the second: (9a3b+c)(4a2b+c)=0(9a - 3b + c) - (4a - 2b + c) = 0 5ab=05a - b = 0 b=5ab = 5a

  2. Substitute b=5ab = 5a into the third equation: a+(5a)+c=36a + (5a) + c = 36 6a+c=366a + c = 36 c=366ac = 36 - 6a

  3. Substitute b=5ab = 5a and c=366ac = 36 - 6a into the first equation: 4a2(5a)+(366a)=04a - 2(5a) + (36 - 6a) = 0 4a10a+366a=04a - 10a + 36 - 6a = 0 12a+36=0-12a + 36 = 0 12a=36-12a = -36 a=3a = 3

  4. Substitute a=3a = 3 back to find bb and cc: b=5a=5×3=15b = 5a = 5 \times 3 = 15 c=366a=366×3=3618=18c = 36 - 6a = 36 - 6 \times 3 = 36 - 18 = 18

Conclusion

The value of cc is 18\boxed{18}.

Would you like further details on this solution, or do you have any questions?


Here are some related questions to consider:

  1. What if the remainder when divided by (x1)(x - 1) was different? How would that change the solution?
  2. How can you verify the values of aa, bb, and cc once found?
  3. What are some other methods to solve similar polynomial problems?
  4. How does polynomial division affect the remainder theorem in these scenarios?
  5. How would the solution change if additional roots were specified?

Tip: When solving systems of equations, isolating one variable can simplify the process significantly, especially in substitution methods.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Polynomial Division
Remainder Theorem
Systems of Equations

Formulas

f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c
f(-2) = 0 (root condition)
f(-3) = 0 (root condition)
f(1) = 36 (remainder condition)

Theorems

Remainder Theorem
Factor Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12