Math Problem Statement

De los problemas 27 al 34 encuentre un vector unitario que tenga la misma dirección que el vector dado.

Solution

To solve the problem of finding a unit vector in the same direction as the given vector, we need to normalize the vector. This process involves two main steps:

  1. Calculate the magnitude (or norm) of the vector:
    The magnitude of a vector v=ai+bjv = ai + bj is given by: v=a2+b2|v| = \sqrt{a^2 + b^2}
  2. Divide the vector by its magnitude:
    A unit vector uu in the same direction as vv is given by: u=vvu = \frac{v}{|v|} This means that each component of the vector vv is divided by its magnitude.

Now, let's solve a few of the problems from the image step by step:


Problem 27: v=6i+10jv = 6i + 10j

  1. Magnitude: v=62+102=36+100=136=234|v| = \sqrt{6^2 + 10^2} = \sqrt{36 + 100} = \sqrt{136} = 2\sqrt{34}
  2. Unit Vector: u=vv=6i+10j234=6234i+10234j=334i+534ju = \frac{v}{|v|} = \frac{6i + 10j}{2\sqrt{34}} = \frac{6}{2\sqrt{34}}i + \frac{10}{2\sqrt{34}}j = \frac{3}{\sqrt{34}}i + \frac{5}{\sqrt{34}}j So the unit vector is: u=334i+534ju = \frac{3}{\sqrt{34}}i + \frac{5}{\sqrt{34}}j

Problem 28: v=4i6jv = 4i - 6j

  1. Magnitude: v=42+(6)2=16+36=52=213|v| = \sqrt{4^2 + (-6)^2} = \sqrt{16 + 36} = \sqrt{52} = 2\sqrt{13}
  2. Unit Vector: u=vv=4i6j213=4213i6213j=213i313ju = \frac{v}{|v|} = \frac{4i - 6j}{2\sqrt{13}} = \frac{4}{2\sqrt{13}}i - \frac{6}{2\sqrt{13}}j = \frac{2}{\sqrt{13}}i - \frac{3}{\sqrt{13}}j So the unit vector is: u=213i313ju = \frac{2}{\sqrt{13}}i - \frac{3}{\sqrt{13}}j

Problem 29: v=ijv = i - j

  1. Magnitude: v=12+(1)2=1+1=2|v| = \sqrt{1^2 + (-1)^2} = \sqrt{1 + 1} = \sqrt{2}
  2. Unit Vector: u=vv=ij2=12i12ju = \frac{v}{|v|} = \frac{i - j}{\sqrt{2}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}i - \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}j So the unit vector is: u=12i12ju = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}i - \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}j

Would you like to solve more from the list or need further clarifications?

Here are 5 follow-up questions:

  1. How do you find the magnitude of a 3D vector?
  2. What is the unit vector in the opposite direction of a given vector?
  3. Can you apply this method to vectors in higher dimensions?
  4. How is this concept used in physics, for example, when working with forces?
  5. How does changing the vector's direction affect its unit vector?

Tip: When normalizing vectors, you can simplify calculations by rationalizing denominators if the magnitude has a square root.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Vector Algebra
Unit Vectors
Normalization

Formulas

Magnitude of a vector |v| = sqrt(a^2 + b^2) for 2D vectors
Unit vector u = v / |v|

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12