Math Problem Statement

Using the Cauchy integral formula, evaluate the integral ∮(z / (z - 2)) dz, where C is the circle |z - 2| = 3/2.

Solution

To evaluate the given integral using the Cauchy Integral Formula, we first recall the formula:

f(n)(a)=n!2πiCf(z)(za)n+1dz,f^{(n)}(a) = \frac{n!}{2\pi i} \oint_C \frac{f(z)}{(z-a)^{n+1}} dz,

for a function f(z)f(z) analytic inside and on a closed contour CC. When n=0n = 0, it simplifies to:

f(a)=12πiCf(z)zadz.f(a) = \frac{1}{2\pi i} \oint_C \frac{f(z)}{z-a} dz.

The given integral is:

Czz2dz,\oint_C \frac{z}{z-2} dz,

where CC is the circle z2=32|z-2| = \frac{3}{2}. Let's solve this step-by-step:


Step 1: Identify f(z)f(z) and aa

Here:

  • f(z)=zf(z) = z,
  • a=2a = 2.

The function f(z)f(z) is analytic everywhere inside and on the circle CC.


Step 2: Apply Cauchy Integral Formula

Using the formula for f(a)f(a):

Czz2dz=2πif(2).\oint_C \frac{z}{z-2} dz = 2\pi i \cdot f(2).

We now calculate f(2)f(2). Substituting z=2z = 2 into f(z)=zf(z) = z:

f(2)=2.f(2) = 2.


Step 3: Evaluate the Integral

Now substitute f(2)f(2) into the formula:

Czz2dz=2πi2=4πi.\oint_C \frac{z}{z-2} dz = 2\pi i \cdot 2 = 4\pi i.


Final Answer:

Czz2dz=4πi.\oint_C \frac{z}{z-2} dz = 4\pi i.


Would you like further details on the Cauchy Integral Formula or a breakdown of the process?

Related Questions:

  1. What is the Cauchy Integral Theorem, and how does it relate to this formula?
  2. How does the integral change if f(z)f(z) is a different function, e.g., f(z)=z2f(z) = z^2?
  3. What is the significance of the contour z2=32|z-2| = \frac{3}{2} in this problem?
  4. Can we evaluate this integral using a residue approach instead of Cauchy’s formula?
  5. What happens if f(z)f(z) has a singularity within the contour?

Tip:

Always ensure the function f(z)f(z) is analytic inside the contour when applying the Cauchy Integral Formula. If not, residues need to be calculated.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Complex Analysis
Contour Integration
Cauchy Integral Formula

Formulas

Cauchy Integral Formula: f(a) = (1 / 2πi) ∮ (f(z) / (z - a)) dz
For n = 0: ∮ (f(z) / (z - a)) dz = 2πi f(a)

Theorems

Cauchy Integral Formula

Suitable Grade Level

Undergraduate (Advanced Calculus or Complex Analysis)