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The problem asks to determine the distance traveled by the short hand of a wall clock from 1 o'clock to 5 o'clock, given the length of the hand is 21 cm.

To solve this, we need to calculate the arc length swept by the hour hand on the face of the clock. The hour hand completes a full circle (360 degrees) in 12 hours. Therefore, in 4 hours (from 1 o'clock to 5 o'clock), it moves through:

\[
\text{Angle swept} = \frac{4 \text{ hours}}{12 \text{ hours}} \times 360^\circ = 120^\circ
\]

The angle in radians is:

\[
\text{Radians} = \frac{120^\circ \times \pi}{180^\circ} = \frac{2\pi}{3} \text{ radians}
\]

The length of the arc (i.e., the distance traveled by the tip of the hour hand) can be calculated using the formula for arc length \( s = r\theta \), where \( r \) is the radius (length of the hand) and \( \theta \) is the angle in radians:

\[
s = 21 \text{ cm} \times \frac{2\pi}{3} \text{ radians}
\]

Let's calculate this:

\[
s = 21 \text{ cm} \times \frac{2\pi}{3} \approx 44 \text{ cm}
\]

Thus, the hour hand travels approximately 44 cm from 1 o'clock to 5 o'clock. 

Would you like more details on this calculation or have other questions? Here are some follow-up questions you might consider:
1. What would be the distance traveled by the minute hand from 1:00 to 1:05 if its length is 28 cm?
2. How can you calculate the speed of the hour hand in cm per hour?
3. What would be the angle in degrees for the hour hand from 3 o'clock to 9 o'clock?
4. If the clock has a second hand that is 15 cm long, what distance does it travel in one minute?
5. How does the calculation change if you were to measure from 1 o'clock to 1:15?

**Tip:** When converting from degrees to radians, remember that \( \pi \) radians is equal to 180 degrees. This conversion is crucial for calculations involving circular motion or angles.

Panjang jarum pendek sebuah jam dinding adalah 21 cm. Tentukan jarak yang ditempuh jarum pendek jam 1 ke pukul 5.

Learn how to calculate the distance traveled by the short hand of a clock from 1 o'clock to 5 o'clock. This problem covers geometry concepts, including circular motion, radians, and arc length calculation. Suitable for students in Grades 10-12.

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