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The question in your image asks to calculate the volume of water (in liters) required to dilute 11.8 mL of 10.0 M HCl to a concentration of 0.686 M HCl.

We can solve this using the dilution formula:

\[
M_1 V_1 = M_2 V_2
\]

Where:
- \( M_1 \) is the initial concentration (10.0 M),
- \( V_1 \) is the initial volume (11.8 mL),
- \( M_2 \) is the final concentration (0.686 M),
- \( V_2 \) is the final volume (what we want to find, but this includes the total solution volume after adding water).

### Step 1: Solve for \( V_2 \)
\[
V_2 = \frac{M_1 V_1}{M_2}
\]

Substitute the given values:
\[
V_2 = \frac{(10.0 \, \text{M}) \times (11.8 \, \text{mL})}{0.686 \, \text{M}}
\]

\[
V_2 \approx 172.28 \, \text{mL}
\]

### Step 2: Calculate the volume of water to add
The volume of water is the difference between the final volume \( V_2 \) and the initial volume \( V_1 \):
\[
\text{Volume of water} = V_2 - V_1 = 172.28 \, \text{mL} - 11.8 \, \text{mL} = 160.48 \, \text{mL}
\]

Convert to liters:
\[
160.48 \, \text{mL} = 0.16048 \, \text{L}
\]

So, the volume of water to add is approximately **0.160 L** (rounded to 3 significant figures).

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Would you like further details or have any questions?  
Here are some related questions you might find helpful:

1. What is the dilution formula used in chemistry?
2. How can we determine the final concentration after dilution?
3. What are the assumptions made when using the dilution equation?
4. How do you account for significant figures in chemistry calculations?
5. Can we calculate the final concentration if the volume of water is given instead?

**Tip:** Always double-check your significant figures, as they are essential in ensuring the accuracy of your result!

Calculate the volume, in L, of water that must be added to dilute 11.8 mL of 10.0 M HCl to 0.686 M HCl. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant figures.

Learn how to calculate the volume of water needed to dilute 11.8 mL of 10.0 M HCl to a concentration of 0.686 M HCl. This solution uses the dilution formula (M1V1 = M2V2) and emphasizes significant figures. Suitable for advanced high school chemistry students.

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