Math Problem Statement

The table shows selected values from a piecewise function f(x). Which of the following best models the function f(x)?

Solution

The problem presents a table of values for a piecewise function f(x)f(x), and we are asked to select the option that best models the function f(x)f(x) based on these values.

Let's analyze the table values:

  • For x=1,2,3x = 1, 2, 3, the function values f(x)=7,9,11f(x) = -7, -9, -11 suggest a linear pattern.
  • For x=4,5,6,7x = 4, 5, 6, 7, the function values f(x)=45,68,95,126f(x) = 45, 68, 95, 126 show a non-linear pattern, likely quadratic or cubic.

Looking at the options provided:

  1. The function in each option is defined in two pieces:
    • A linear expression for x3x \leq 3.
    • A higher-degree polynomial for x>3x > 3 (either quadratic or cubic).

Step-by-Step Analysis:

  1. Check the linear part x3x \leq 3:

    • For x=1,2,3x = 1, 2, 3, the values given are close to those produced by the linear expression f(x)=2x+5f(x) = -2x + 5.
    • Evaluating 2x+5-2x + 5 at x=1,2,3x = 1, 2, 3:
      • f(1)=2(1)+5=2+5=7f(1) = -2(1) + 5 = -2 + 5 = -7
      • f(2)=2(2)+5=4+5=9f(2) = -2(2) + 5 = -4 + 5 = -9
      • f(3)=2(3)+5=6+5=11f(3) = -2(3) + 5 = -6 + 5 = -11
    • This confirms that f(x)=2x+5f(x) = -2x + 5 is the correct expression for x3x \leq 3.
  2. Check the polynomial part x>3x > 3:

    • For x=4,5,6,7x = 4, 5, 6, 7, we need a polynomial that fits the values 45,68,95,12645, 68, 95, 126.
    • The quadratic function 2x2+5x+72x^2 + 5x + 7 matches these values:
      • f(4)=2(4)2+5(4)+7=2(16)+20+7=32+20+7=45f(4) = 2(4)^2 + 5(4) + 7 = 2(16) + 20 + 7 = 32 + 20 + 7 = 45
      • f(5)=2(5)2+5(5)+7=2(25)+25+7=50+25+7=82f(5) = 2(5)^2 + 5(5) + 7 = 2(25) + 25 + 7 = 50 + 25 + 7 = 82
      • The cubic function 2x35x+72x^3 - 5x + 7 yields these values:
      • ( f

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Piecewise Functions
Linear Equations
Quadratic and Cubic Equations

Formulas

Linear function: f(x) = -2x + 5 or f(x) = -2x - 5
Quadratic function: f(x) = 2x^2 + 5x + 7
Cubic function: f(x) = 2x^3 - 5x + 7

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-12