To solve the problem provided in the diagram, we will calculate the values of $x$ and $y$ step by step. Here is how we approach it:

Key Observations:

1. $PQR$ is a straight line, meaning the angles around $Q$ on that line sum to $180^\circ$.
2. The given angles include:
   • An interior angle $118^\circ$ at $Q$ (straight line).
   • Two other angles, $y$ and an exterior angle $x$, are indicated.

Step 1: Calculate $y$

Since $PQR$ is a straight line: $118^\circ + y = 180^\circ$ Solving for $y$: $y = 180^\circ - 118^\circ = 62^\circ$

Step 2: Calculate $x$

In the triangle formed (labeled $\triangle PQR$), the angles of a triangle sum to $180^\circ$. Using the triangle and knowing one of its angles is $y = 62^\circ$, and the marked angle at $R$ is $118^\circ$: $x + 62^\circ + 118^\circ = 180^\circ$ Solving for $x$: