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The question in the image asks to calculate the pH of a solution where **311 mg** of pure hydrochloric acid (HCl) is dissolved in enough water to make up **80. mL** of solution.

### Steps to solve:

1. **Convert mass of HCl to moles:**
   \[
   \text{Moles of HCl} = \frac{\text{Mass of HCl (in grams)}}{\text{Molar mass of HCl}}
   \]
   The molar mass of HCl is **36.46 g/mol**. First, convert 311 mg to grams:
   \[
   311 \, \text{mg} = 0.311 \, \text{g}
   \]
   Then calculate the moles of HCl:
   \[
   \text{Moles of HCl} = \frac{0.311 \, \text{g}}{36.46 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0.00853 \, \text{mol}
   \]

2. **Calculate the concentration of HCl:**
   The concentration is given by the number of moles of HCl divided by the volume of the solution in liters:
   \[
   \text{Concentration (M)} = \frac{\text{Moles of HCl}}{\text{Volume in Liters}} = \frac{0.00853 \, \text{mol}}{0.080 \, \text{L}} = 0.1066 \, \text{M}
   \]

3. **Determine the pH:**
   Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid, meaning it dissociates completely in water. Therefore, the concentration of \( \text{H}^+ \) ions will be the same as the concentration of HCl:
   \[
   [\text{H}^+] = 0.1066 \, \text{M}
   \]
   The pH is calculated using the formula:
   \[
   \text{pH} = -\log[\text{H}^+]
   \]
   \[
   \text{pH} = -\log(0.1066) \approx 0.972
   \]

### Final Answer:
The pH of the solution is approximately **0.97**.

Would you like any further details or clarifications?

### Follow-up questions:
1. What would the pH be if the volume of the solution were doubled?
2. How does the pH change if the concentration of HCl is reduced to 0.05 M?
3. Can you calculate the pH of a weak acid using the same method?
4. What happens to the pH if the temperature of the solution changes?
5. How would the pH calculation change if a buffer were added to the solution?

### Tip:
Always remember that strong acids like HCl dissociate completely in water, simplifying pH calculations.

A chemist dissolves 311 mg of pure hydrochloric acid in enough water to make up 80 mL of solution. Calculate the pH of the solution.

Learn how to calculate the pH of a solution where 311 mg of pure hydrochloric acid (HCl) is dissolved in 80 mL of water. The solution involves converting mass to moles, calculating molarity, and determining pH using the formula for strong acids.

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