What are the magnitude and direction of an electric field that exerts a 1.80  10-5 N upward force on a
−1.20 µC
charge?

To find the magnitude and direction of the electric field that exerts a force on a charge, we can use the following formula:

\[
\mathbf{E} = \frac{\mathbf{F}}{q}
\]

Where:
- \(\mathbf{E}\) is the electric field (in newtons per coulomb, \( \text{N/C} \)).
- \(\mathbf{F}\) is the force exerted on the charge (in newtons, \( \text{N} \)).
- \(q\) is the charge (in coulombs, \( \text{C} \)).

Given:
- The force \(\mathbf{F} = 1.80 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{N}\) (upward).
- The charge \(q = -1.20 \, \mu \text{C} = -1.20 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{C}\).

Now, let's calculate the magnitude of the electric field:

\[
E = \frac{1.80 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{N}}{-1.20 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{C}} 
\]

\[
E = -15 \, \text{kN/C}
\]

The magnitude of the electric field is \(15 \, \text{kN/C}\). 

### Direction:
- Since the charge is negative (\(-1.20 \, \mu \text{C}\)), and the force is upward, the electric field direction is opposite to the force's direction (because a negative charge experiences a force opposite to the field direction). Therefore, the electric field points **downward**.

### Summary:
- **Magnitude**: \( 15 \, \text{kN/C} \)
- **Direction**: Downward

Would you like more details or have any other questions?

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Here are five related questions:
1. How does the electric field change if the charge is doubled but the force remains the same?
2. What would be the force on a positive charge of \(1.20 \, \mu \text{C}\) in the same electric field?
3. How does the direction of the force change if the charge is positive instead of negative?
4. What is the electric field at a point if the force is zero?
5. How is the electric field affected if the distance between the charge and the source of the electric field changes?

**Tip:** Remember, the direction of the electric field is always defined as the direction of the force it would exert on a positive test charge.

Learn how to calculate the magnitude and direction of an electric field exerting a force on a charge. This example problem involves determining the electric field strength using the force and charge values provided. Suitable for high school students learning about electric fields and forces.

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