Math Problem Statement

A, B, C and D are points on a circle. AB is a diameter of the circle. DC is parallel to AB. Angle BAD = 70°. Calculate the size of angle BDC and the size of angle BTD. The tangent to the circle at D meets the line BC extended at T.

Solution

The problem you're working on involves geometry of a circle, and we need to find two specific angles: BDC\angle BDC and BTD\angle BTD.

Let's break down the given information:

  1. Circle Information:

    • A,B,C,DA, B, C, D are points on the circle.
    • ABAB is the diameter of the circle, which means ACB=90\angle ACB = 90^\circ (since an angle subtended by a diameter in a circle is always a right angle).
    • DCDC is parallel to ABAB.
  2. Given Angles:

    • BAD=70\angle BAD = 70^\circ.
    • ACB=20\angle ACB = 20^\circ.

Part (a) - Calculate the size of angle BDC\angle BDC.

Since DCABDC \parallel AB, and given that ABAB is the diameter of the circle, we can use properties of parallel lines and cyclic quadrilaterals.

In the cyclic quadrilateral ABCDABCD, the opposite angles should sum up to 180°. Thus, BDC\angle BDC will be supplementary to BAD\angle BAD, because both are angles on the same side of the line BCBC. Therefore:

BDC=180BAD=18070=110.\angle BDC = 180^\circ - \angle BAD = 180^\circ - 70^\circ = 110^\circ.

Part (b) - Calculate the size of angle BTD\angle BTD.

This is a tangent-secant angle. The angle formed between a tangent and a chord through the point of contact is equal to the angle subtended by the chord at the opposite side of the circle. In this case:

BTD=BDC=110.\angle BTD = \angle BDC = 110^\circ.

Final Answers:

  • BDC=110\angle BDC = 110^\circ.
  • BTD=110\angle BTD = 110^\circ.

Let me know if you'd like more details or further explanations!

Here are some related questions you might find helpful:

  1. How does the angle subtended by a diameter of a circle relate to the angles in the circle?
  2. What is the property of angles in a cyclic quadrilateral?
  3. Can you explain how parallel lines impact the angles in a circle?
  4. What is the definition of a tangent and how does it affect the angles?
  5. How can you calculate angles using properties of cyclic quadrilaterals?

Tip: When working with circle geometry, always remember the key properties, like the angle in a semicircle being a right angle, and the fact that opposite angles in a cyclic quadrilateral sum to 180°.

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Geometry
Circle Theorems
Angles in a Circle
Cyclic Quadrilaterals
Tangent-Secant Theorem

Formulas

Sum of opposite angles in cyclic quadrilateral = 180°
Angle subtended by a diameter = 90°
Angle between a tangent and chord = angle subtended by the chord at the opposite side

Theorems

Cyclic Quadrilateral Theorem
Tangent-Secant Angle Theorem

Suitable Grade Level

Grades 9-11