Math Problem Statement

Approximate the area of the shaded region by using the Trapezoidal Rule with n = 4.

Solution

To approximate the area of the shaded region using the Trapezoidal Rule with n=4n = 4, we need to:

  1. Divide the interval into n=4n = 4 subintervals of equal width.
  2. Apply the Trapezoidal Rule formula: AΔx2[f(x0)+2f(x1)+2f(x2)++2f(xn1)+f(xn)],A \approx \frac{\Delta x}{2} \left[ f(x_0) + 2f(x_1) + 2f(x_2) + \dots + 2f(x_{n-1}) + f(x_n) \right], where Δx=ban\Delta x = \frac{b-a}{n}, and f(xi)f(x_i) are the values of the function at each interval point.

Steps:

  1. Determine the interval and width (Δx\Delta x):

    • From the graph, the interval is approximately [20,20][-20, 20].
    • Subdivide this interval into n=4n = 4: Δx=20(20)4=404=10.\Delta x = \frac{20 - (-20)}{4} = \frac{40}{4} = 10.

    The points are x0=20x_0 = -20, x1=10x_1 = -10, x2=0x_2 = 0, x3=10x_3 = 10, and x4=20x_4 = 20.

  2. Read f(x)f(x) values from the graph: Estimate the height of the function at each point:

    • f(x0)=f(20)10f(x_0) = f(-20) \approx 10,
    • f(x1)=f(10)30f(x_1) = f(-10) \approx 30,
    • f(x2)=f(0)40f(x_2) = f(0) \approx 40,
    • f(x3)=f(10)30f(x_3) = f(10) \approx 30,
    • f(x4)=f(20)20f(x_4) = f(20) \approx 20.
  3. Apply the Trapezoidal Rule: Substitute the values into the formula: AΔx2[f(x0)+2f(x1)+2f(x2)+2f(x3)+f(x4)].A \approx \frac{\Delta x}{2} \left[ f(x_0) + 2f(x_1) + 2f(x_2) + 2f(x_3) + f(x_4) \right]. With Δx=10\Delta x = 10: A102[10+2(30)+2(40)+2(30)+20].A \approx \frac{10}{2} \left[ 10 + 2(30) + 2(40) + 2(30) + 20 \right].

    Simplify: A5[10+60+80+60+20].A \approx 5 \left[ 10 + 60 + 80 + 60 + 20 \right]. A5×230=1150.A \approx 5 \times 230 = 1150.

Final Answer:

The approximate area of the shaded region is 1150\mathbf{1150} square units.


Would you like more details on the method or assumptions? Here are five related questions to explore further:

  1. How does increasing nn affect the accuracy of the Trapezoidal Rule?
  2. What are the limitations of using the Trapezoidal Rule for curved regions?
  3. How does the Trapezoidal Rule compare to Simpson’s Rule in terms of accuracy?
  4. Can we verify this approximation with exact integration methods if the function is known?
  5. How would errors in reading f(x)f(x) values from the graph affect the result?

Tip: Always try to increase the number of subintervals for a more accurate approximation, especially for functions with rapid changes!

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Math Problem Analysis

Mathematical Concepts

Trapezoidal Rule
Numerical Integration
Area Approximation

Formulas

A ≈ (Δx/2) [f(x0) + 2f(x1) + 2f(x2) + ... + 2f(xn-1) + f(xn)]
Δx = (b-a)/n

Theorems

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Suitable Grade Level

Grades 10-12